1. Research scope of antioxidants
Research efforts on antioxidants have focused on the following three areas.
(1) Screening of natural antioxidant substances, such as VE and TP (tea polyphenols)
(2) Research on the structure-effect relationship of antioxidants. Different structural types of antioxidants have different activities, and even the activity of the same structural type of antioxidant is affected by the number and position of substituents. Weng Xinchu and Zhao Baolu revealed the effect of structure on antioxidant activity from the perspectives of experiment and quantum mechanical calculation, respectively.
(3) Research on the synergistic effect among antioxidants. Compared with single antioxidants, compound antioxidants are favored by virtue of their high activity, so the study of synergism has become a new hot spot in the field of antioxidant research. People now have a preliminary understanding of the synergistic effect, a more in-depth study will provide a theoretical basis for the composite antioxidant components and concentration ratio, has a broad application prospects.
I will explain in detail why antioxidants can inhibit oxidation of fats and oils?
Effective inhibition of oxidation is the purpose of the use of antioxidants, due to their own structure and nature, antioxidants play a role in a variety of ways, the mechanism can be summarized as follows three.
(1) Scavenging free radicals
The oxidation reaction of lipid compounds mainly involves the chain reaction of free radicals, in order to inhibit oxidation, in addition to the use of packaging to isolate air and light, the most effective means is to add antioxidants. Antioxidants play a role in scavenging free radicals, so they are called free radical terminators. Most antioxidants, including EQ, BHA, BHT, TBHQ, VE, TP, etc. which are commonly used in the past are effective free radical terminators. They mainly act as hydrogen donors and react with lipid radicals, so that the free radicals are transformed into inactive or stable compounds, thus interfering with or delaying the chain growth step in the chain reaction, and thus achieving the purpose of inhibiting oxidation.
AH Antioxidant
A- Free radicals formed by the antioxidant itself after hydrogen supply
Phenolic compounds react with lipid radicals to form radicals that are more stable due to the fact that unpaired electrons can be distributed off-domain on the benzene ring.
Therefore, the conditions that an effective radical terminator must have are:
1.1 The ability to rapidly supply hydrogen atoms to the lipid radical.
1.2 The stability of the newly generated radical A- should be higher than that of ROO- and RO-.
(2) Chelation of metal ions
Many oxidation processes take place with the participation of metal ions. Metal ions play the role of transferring electrons in the process of valence change, which can shorten the time of chain initiation period, thus accelerating the rate of oxidation of lipid compounds. Therefore, the removal of metal ions is important to inhibit the oxidation reaction.
Citric acid and phosphoric acid derivatives can form inert complexes with metals and inhibit the decomposition of hydroperoxides, thus serving the purpose of antioxidant. According to Katherinel et al, citric acid and sodium polyphosphate can inhibit oxidation by chelating metal ions. Kemin products.
It should be pointed out that the metal ion chelator inhibits the generation of free radicals by chelating the substance that initiates the chain reaction, and can not be directly combined with the free radicals, thus playing an indirect antioxidant effect, so the antioxidant effect is often poor when used alone, so it is often used in combination with other antioxidants.
(3) Oxygen scavenging
This kind of antioxidant mainly inhibits oxidation through its own redox reaction. Such as VC due to molecular 2, 3 position on the existence of two adjacent enol hydroxyl, has a strong reducing properties, can effectively reduce the peroxide in the oil, consume the oxygen in the oil, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of oxidation. Similarly, sulfite and its salts are easily oxidized to sulfonic acid and sulfate in food, thus playing an antioxidant role. Alkaloids can gain energy by colliding with 1O2 (high-energy oxygen, single-linear oxygen), thus inactivating 1O2 to 3O2 (basal oxygen, three-linear oxygen).
| Sinanox® 264 | CAS 128-37-0 | Antioxidant 264 / Butylated hydroxytoluene |
| Sinanox® TNPP | CAS 26523-78-4 | Antioxidant TNPP |
| Sinanox® TBHQ | CAS 1948-33-0 | Antioxidant TBHQ |
| Sinanox® SEED | CAS 42774-15-2 | Antioxidant SEED |
| Sinanox® PEPQ | CAS 119345-01-6 | Antioxidant PEPQ |
| Sinanox® PEP-36 | CAS 80693-00-1 | Antioxidant PEP-36 |
| Sinanox® MTBHQ | CAS 1948-33-0 | Antioxidant MTBHQ |
| Sinanox® DSTP | CAS 693-36-7 | Antioxidant DSTP |
| Sinanox® DSTDP | CAS 693-36-7 | Distearyl thiodipropionate |
| Sinanox® DLTDP | CAS 123-28-4 | Dilauryl thiodipropionate |
| Sinanox® DBHQ | CAS 88-58-4 | Antioxidant DBHQ |
| Sinanox® 9228 | CAS 154862-43-8 | Irganox 9228 / Antioxidant 9228 |
| Sinanox® 80 | CAS 90498-90-1 | Irganox 80 / Antioxidant 80 |
| Sinanox® 702 | CAS 118-82-1 | Irganox 702 / Antioxidant 702 / Ethanox 702 |
| Sinanox® 697 | CAS 70331-94-1 | Antioxidant 697 / Irganox 697 / Naugard XL-1 / Antioxidant 697 |
| Sinanox® 626 | CAS 26741-53-7 | Ultranox 626 / Irgafos 126 |
| Sinanox® 5057 | CAS 68411-46-1 | Irganox 5057 / Antioxidant 5057 / Omnistab AN 5057 |
| Sinanox® 330 | CAS 1709-70-2 | Irganox 330 / Antioxidant 330 |
| Sinanox® 3114 | CAS 27676-62-6 | Irganox 3114 / Antioxidant 3114 |
| Sinanox® 3052 | CAS 61167-58-6 | IRGANOX 3052 / 4-methylphenyl Acrylate / Antioxidant 3052 |
| Sinanox® 300 | CAS 96-69-5 | Irganox 300 / Antioxidant 300 |
| Sinanox® 245 | CAS 36443-68-2 | Irganox 245 / Antioxidant 245 |
| Sinanox® 2246 | CAS 119-47-1 | Irganox 2246 / BNX 2246 |
| Sinanox® 1790 | CAS 40601-76-1 | Antioxidant 1790/ Cyanox 1790 / Irganox 1790 |
| Sinanox® 1726 | CAS 110675-26-8 | Antioxidant 1726 / Irganox 1726 / Omnistab AN 1726 |
| Sinanox® 168 | CAS 31570-04-4 | Irganox 168 / Antioxidant 168 |
| Sinanox® 1520 | CAS 110553-27-0 | Irganox 1520 / Antioxidant 1520 |
| Sinanox® 1425 | CAS 65140-91-2 | Irganox 1425 / Dragonox 1425 / Antioxidant 1425 / BNX 1425 |
| Sinanox® 1330 | CAS 1709-70-2 | Irganox 1330 / Ethanox 330 |
| Sinanox® 1222 | CAS 976-56-7 | Antioxidant 1222 / Irganox 1222 |
| Sinanox® 1135 | CAS 125643-61-0 | Irganox 1135 / Antioxidant 1135 |
| Sinanox® 1098 | CAS 23128-74-7 | Irganox 1098 / Antioxidant 1098 |
| Sinanox® 1076 | CAS 2082-79-3 | Irganox 1076 / Antioxidant 1076 |
| Sinanox® 1035 | CAS 41484-35-9 | Irganox 1035 / Antioxidant 1035 |
| Sinanox® 1024 | CAS 32687-78-8 | Irganox 1024 / Antioxidant 1024 |
| Sinanox® 1010 | CAS 6683-19-8 | Irganox 1010 / Antioxidant 1010 |