3071 vs 3345 vs 094 is a mechanism decision: substrate wetting, wet-film leveling or foam control. CHLUMIWE® 3071 is the difficult-substrate wetting route but may stabilize foam in waterborne systems. CHLUMILE® 3345 combines wetting and leveling. CHLUMIAF® 094 is a water-only, 100%-active defoamer supplied with ppm-level guidance and mandatory predilution.
Do not blend all three in the first experiment. Identify when the defect begins, then test one mechanism against an additive-free control.
3071/3345/094 decision map
| Observed evidence | First route | Mandatory gate |
|---|---|---|
| Coating beads or retracts immediately on a controlled substrate | 3071 | Waterborne foam, adhesion and recoat |
| Substrate wets but craters, edge flow or leveling remain poor | 3345 | Film build, sag, cure and recoat |
| Air builds during mixing, pumping or application | 094 in water-only systems | Confirm dilution procedure and process compatibility |
| Holes appear only during bake or after cure | Diagnose outgassing/cure | No additive ranking yet |
| 产品 | Published data | First-screen role | Boundary |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3071 | Polyether-modified polysiloxane; 0.1–1%; water/UV/solvent | Difficult plastics, metals and other substrate wetting | No public active content; may stabilize foam in waterborne systems |
| 3345 | Polyether-modified polysiloxane; 100% active; 0.1–1%; water/UV/solvent | Wetting plus leveling and anticrater support | “Some defoaming” is not a process-air guarantee; avoid mixing |
| 094 | Polydimethylsiloxane/polyether-silicone paste; 100% active; 50–500 ppm | Dedicated water-only foam control under heat, pH or shear stress | Requires water predilution; working solution should be used immediately |
Identify when the defect starts
Observe the coating after mixing, at application, during flash and after cure. Immediate retraction follows surface energy or contamination. Wet bubbles track process air. Holes that expand during bake can come from water release, substrate outgassing or rapid skin formation.
Record substrate treatment/cleanliness, resin, pigments, pH, solids, viscosity, application, film thickness, flash and cure. Those variables must remain fixed across the ladder.
Use 3071 for confirmed substrate wetting
3071 is published at 0.1–1% for water, UV and solvent systems and directly names difficult PE, PP and PET surfaces. Start low after surface contamination and treatment are controlled. Measure coverage, edge pullback, craters, gloss and adhesion.
The public page does not state active content and warns that waterborne foam may be stabilized. Report the supplied dose, then monitor density, wet bubbles and cured pinholes. Do not assume a clear wet film will remain defect-free.
Use 3345 when flow remains after wetting
3345 is 100% active and uses the same 0.1–1% total-formulation range, with stronger published emphasis on dynamic/static surface tension, spreading, leveling, oil-stain resistance and recoat. Test it alone at equal film build and cure.
Its description mentions some defoaming, but that does not replace a standardized process-air trial. Optional co-solvent can change flash, VOC, compatibility and cure; equalize it in the control.
Use 094 only through a controlled dilution
094 is water-only and 100% active with a 50–500 ppm supplied-product range. Its page gives more than one dilution statement: dilute below 60%, then with 10–40 parts water, and elsewhere obtain at least a fivefold uniform dispersion at 20–35°C. Request the current TDS procedure before plant use.
Prepare working solution fresh, standardize dilution water, temperature, order and mixing, and choose the lowest level that controls measured foam without craters, haze or adhesion loss.
Run a mechanism-specific trial
- Prepare an additive-free blank and one product ladder.
- Hold pH, solids, viscosity, temperature and shear history.
- Record foam height/decay and density before application.
- Apply equal wet/dry film and complete the specified cure.
- Repeat appearance, adhesion and recoat after aging.
Control film preparation and adhesion
ASTM D823 provides practices for producing uniform coating films on test panels. ASTM D3359 rates tape adhesion of ductile coatings on metallic substrates and has limited sensitivity at higher adhesion levels.
Pair the appropriate method with crater/pinhole count, gloss/haze, cure, hardness, chemical resistance, blocking and recoat. Choose a substrate-specific adhesion method when the part is not metal.
Scale addition order deliberately
At production scale, record the stage, temperature, dilution, shear and time at which the candidate enters. For 094, verify working-dispersion uniformity before dosing and do not store it beyond the approved period. For 3071 or 3345, compare grind-stage and letdown addition only if both routes are technically justified.
Sample the batch immediately and after sustained mixing or circulation. Recheck density, foam, viscosity, craters and film appearance. If a second additive is later required, add it only after each product passes alone; retain the blank and both single-additive controls so antagonism or overdose is visible.
Common comparison errors
Using 3071 to solve foam
Its page warns of foam stabilization in waterborne formulations.
Calling 3345 a dedicated defoamer
Verify air control independently from leveling.
Adding neat 094
Its 100%-active paste requires a controlled aqueous working dispersion.
Request a defect-based shortlist
Send resin/system, substrate and treatment, pigments, pH/solids/viscosity, current additives, shear/pumping, application, flash/cure, defect timing and wetting, foam, adhesion and recoat data. Ask Longchang Chemical to select 3071, 3345 or 094 from the first failed mechanism.