1. Gallstone-related diseases
Used to dissolve radiolucent cholesterol gallstones in the gallbladder, provided that gallbladder function is normal. It is also used to prevent gallstone recurrence after gallbladder-preserving surgery.

2. Cholestatic liver diseases
Used to treat cholestatic diseases such as primary biliary cirrhosis, improving liver function by replacing toxic bile acids and promoting bile secretion. It is also used in the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

3. Bile reflux-related diseases
Used to treat bile reflux gastritis. It can also be used for digestive problems caused by bile deficiency, such as bile deficiency steatorrhea and post-ileectomy steatorrhea.

4. Other liver diseases
Clinical studies show that it can be used as an adjunct treatment for autoimmune hepatitis, and its use is being explored in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH), various types of hepatitis, and toxic liver injury.