094 vs 303 vs 3062 is a comparison of concentration, system reach and incorporation sensitivity. CHLUMIAF® 094 is a 100%-active water-only paste for severe temperature, pH or shear conditions. CHLUMIAF® 303 is a >28%-solids water-only emulsion for printing pastes and waterborne inks. CHLUMIAF® 3062 is a 100%-active multi-system liquid with application-specific coating and ink dose ranges.
Defoamer choice begins with measured air generation, decay and film defects. A product cannot fix substrate dewetting, outgassing or under-cure.
094/303/3062 decision map
| Process evidence | First route | Mandatory gate |
|---|---|---|
| Water-only process faces heat, acid/alkali or shear stress | 094 | Confirm multistep dilution and fresh-use procedure |
| Waterborne printing paste/ink needs a low-ppm emulsion route | 303 | No high shear during dilution; alcohol/freeze sensitivity |
| Printing ink, coating or color paste spans water/UV/solvent | 3062 | Use application-specific dose and dilution stability test |
| Holes do not track foam or density | Diagnose wetting/outgassing/cure | No defoamer ladder |
| Produit | Published data | Documented fit | Critical boundary |
|---|---|---|---|
| 094 | PDMS/polyether-silicone paste; 100% active; 50–500 ppm | Water-only; high temperature, acid/alkali and shear-stress foam | Neat use discouraged; current dilution sequence needs confirmation |
| 303 | PDMS emulsion; >28% solids; nonionic; 50–500 ppm; six-month shelf life | Water-only printing pastes, waterborne inks and broad aqueous processes | Avoid high shear during dilution; alcohol and freezing can demulsify it |
| 3062 | Polyether-modified polysiloxane; 100% active; nonionic | Water/UV/solvent; printing inks 0.1–0.5%, coatings 0.05–0.5% or 0.1–0.5% | Solvent dilution needs stability and defoaming tests |
Measure the air problem first
Standardize vessel, fill, blade, speed, time, temperature and rest period. Record foam height/decay, mass per fixed volume, entrained-air microscopy and wet/cured defect counts. Repeat through pumping or circulation when that is the production source.
Map defect timing. Wet bubbles that collapse into craters differ from substrate retraction and bake-generated outgassing. Do not increase silicone until the mechanism is demonstrated.
Use 094 for a severe water-only environment
094 is 100% active and published at 50–500 ppm of total formulation. The page positions it for sustained foam suppression under temperature, pH and shear stress. It explicitly excludes UV and solvent systems.
Its dilution language includes dilution below 60%, then 10–40 parts water, plus a separate instruction for at least fivefold uniform dispersion at 20–35°C. Obtain one current operating procedure and validate water quality, order, shear, temperature and working-solution life.
Use 303 for a shear-sensitive aqueous emulsion route
303 uses the same 50–500 ppm supplied-product range but contains only >28% solids. It is therefore not an equal-active comparison with 094. Its strongest published applications are printing pastes and waterborne inks.
Avoid high shear during dilution, prolonged storage of diluted material, alcohol contact and freezing. Track emulsion uniformity, filter residue and batch-to-batch foam control as well as the finished film.
Use 3062 for broader coating and ink systems
3062 is 100% active and supports water, UV and solvent systems. Use its application-specific guidance: 0.1–0.5% for printing inks and most named industrial uses, and 0.05–0.5% for architectural coatings.
Because those percentages are much higher than the ppm ranges of 094/303, do not compare at the same supplied dose. Select the lowest passing level for the exact process and check craters, gloss, color, adhesion and recoat.
Build a staged foam-control trial
- Prepare a blank and one supplier-supported ladder.
- Follow the product-specific dilution and addition stage.
- Standardize foam generation and record decay/density.
- Apply at equal film weight and complete cure.
- Age the liquid and finished film, then repeat all checks.
Use laboratory foam data with limits
ASTM D1173 measures foaming properties of surface-active agents under controlled conditions but explicitly may not correlate with specific end uses. ASTM D823 provides practices for uniform coating films on test panels.
Use D1173 only when it fits the material, then reproduce the real mixing/pump/application loop. Pair foam data with density, film defects, gloss, color, adhesion, chemical resistance and storage stability.
Verify dilution and filter stability
Prepare each working dilution at a fixed concentration, water quality, temperature and mixing energy. Record appearance immediately and after the permitted hold time, then pass it through the production-relevant screen or filter. Separation, large droplets or residue can create local overdose, craters and variable foam control.
For 303, include cold and alcohol-contact exclusions in handling instructions. For 094, verify that the plant can reproduce the confirmed multistep dilution. For 3062, check any solvent-diluted stock through storage before the batch trial.
Common defoamer comparison errors
Comparing 50 ppm across different solids
094 is 100% active; 303 is only specified above 28% solids.
High-shearing diluted 303
The page warns that this can destabilize the emulsion.
Using 094 outside water
UV and solvent systems are explicitly unavailable.
Request a process-specific shortlist
Send system, resin, pigments, pH, temperature, water/solvents, shear/pump/application, foam generation/decay, density, current dilution/addition, defect timing and appearance, adhesion and storage requirements. Ask Longchang Chemical to select 094, 303 or 3062 by system and incorporation conditions.