{"id":6834,"date":"2024-04-15T07:39:02","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T07:39:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/?p=6834"},"modified":"2026-04-28T10:42:27","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T10:42:27","slug":"analysis-of-solvent-classification-and-properties-in-coatings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/tr\/analysis-of-solvent-classification-and-properties-in-coatings\/","title":{"rendered":"Kaplamalarda solvent s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 ve \u00f6zelliklerinin analizi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kaplamalarda solvent s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 ve \u00f6zelliklerinin analizi<\/strong><\/h1>\n

<\/p>\n

H\u0131zl\u0131 cevap:<\/strong> A practical additive decision starts with the exact defect: foam, poor wetting, craters, haze, or instability. The best product is usually the one that solves that defect with the safest compatibility window.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0130lk olarak, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc nedir?<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer maddeleri \u00e7\u00f6zme yetene\u011fine sahip ve homojen bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti olu\u015fturabilen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc s\u0131v\u0131 \"\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc\" olarak adland\u0131r\u0131labilir, su da bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr, sadece \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnme nesnesi ve organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler farkl\u0131d\u0131r; ve organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler dar anlamda kat\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zen, di\u011fer yap\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen ve s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer yeni maddelerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeyen s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u015eu anda m\u00fcrekkep ve boya \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc, genellikle u\u00e7ucu organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler; ana i\u015flevi, kaplaman\u0131n viskozitesini kontrol etmek ve d\u00fczenlemektir, yani uygun viskoziteyi vermek i\u00e7in kaplama filminin olu\u015fumunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesinde. Solvent se\u00e7imi ve do\u011fru miktarda eklenip eklenmemesi, kaplaman\u0131n ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kuruma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecektir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci olarak, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011fas\u0131<\/p>\n

1. \u00f6deme g\u00fcc\u00fc<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6zme g\u00fcc\u00fc, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn film olu\u015fturan maddeleri \u00e7\u00f6zebilme ve film olu\u015fturan maddelerin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc i\u00e7inde e\u015fit \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve kararl\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama yetene\u011fini ifade eder. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve film olu\u015fturan maddelerin t\u00fcr\u00fc ile ilgilidir; \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck kurallar\u0131 polar bir re\u00e7inenin polar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclere (alkoller, esterler, ketonlar gibi) ihtiya\u00e7 duymas\u0131d\u0131r; polar olmayan alifatik hidrokarbonlar kaplama ya\u011f\u0131 (ya\u011fl\u0131 vernik, uzun ya\u011fl\u0131 alkid re\u00e7inesi gibi) \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. Bu nedenle, do\u011fru \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc se\u00e7imi, her bir film olu\u015fturucu madde ile ilgili \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc t\u00fcrlerini anlamal\u0131d\u0131r, aksi takdirde bulan\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa, \u00e7\u00f6kelmeye, \u00e7\u00f6kelmeye, \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayb\u0131na ve hatta hurdaya neden olur.<\/p>\n

2. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin rol\u00fc<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ana i\u015flevi, kat\u0131 veya y\u00fcksek viskoziteli film olu\u015fturucu maddeleri (re\u00e7ineler ve ya\u011flar) \u00e7\u00f6zmek ve seyreltmek, b\u00f6ylece i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeyine kolayca kaplanabilmesini sa\u011flamak ve d\u00fczle\u015ftirmek ve d\u00fcz, s\u00fcrekli tekd\u00fcze bir film olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin \u00e7e\u015fitleri ve miktarlar\u0131, viskozite, kuruma h\u0131z\u0131, toksisite, koku, yan\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k, patlay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k vb. gibi s\u0131v\u0131 kaplamalar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zelli\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde belirler; \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin dikkatli se\u00e7ilmesi ve kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

3. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc buharla\u015fma oran\u0131<\/p>\n

U\u00e7u\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn kaplamadan havaya buharla\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. Kaplaman\u0131n ak\u0131\u015fkan halde oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrenin uzunlu\u011funu belirler. Solvent buharla\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r etkiler, en b\u00fcy\u00fck ili\u015fki solventin kaynama noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Solvent buharla\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131 ile solventin kaynama noktas\u0131 kabaca orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n

Solventler genel olarak kaynama noktas\u0131, polaritesi, kimyasal bile\u015fimi, kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve buharla\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

1. Kaynama noktas\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/p>\n

Kaynama noktas\u0131 100 \u2103'nin alt\u0131nda olan aseton, etanol, etil asetat, benzen, metil etil keton vb. gibi \"d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynama noktal\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler\" olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; as\u0131l\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u0131slak kaplamas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur, u\u00e7ucu h\u0131zl\u0131, kurumas\u0131 kolay, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck viskoziteli, genellikle u\u00e7ucu bir kokuya sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Toluen, ksilen, b\u00fctil asetat, metil izob\u00fctil keton, b\u00fctil ester vb. gibi \"kaynama noktas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcleri\" aras\u0131nda 100 \u2103 ~ 150 \u2103 kaynama noktas\u0131 ve u\u00e7uculu\u011fu orta d\u00fczeydedir, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn buharla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynama noktas\u0131n\u0131 takiben kaplamada, yo\u011fun boya filminin tesviye kaplamas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumuna elveri\u015flidir, end\u00fcstride yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sikloheksanon, amil asetat, glikol b\u00fctil eter, sikloheksanol, terebentin ve di\u011fer s\u00f6zde \"y\u00fcksek kaynama noktal\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler\" gibi 150 \u2103 ~ 200 \u2103 kaynama noktas\u0131, u\u00e7ucula\u015fma daha yava\u015ft\u0131r, son u\u00e7ucula\u015fman\u0131n kaplamas\u0131nda, sadece tesviye i\u00e7in elveri\u015fli de\u011fildir, ayn\u0131 zamanda nem ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klar nedeniyle u\u00e7ucu boyay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kaplaman\u0131n beyazla\u015fmas\u0131 vb.<\/p>\n

Plastikle\u015ftirici: Bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc daha az \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, daha \u00e7ok plastikle\u015ftiriciler, yumu\u015fat\u0131c\u0131lar vb. gibi katk\u0131 maddeleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, kaynama noktas\u0131 300 \u2103'nin \u00fczerindedir, neredeyse hi\u00e7 buharla\u015fma olmaz, polimerin sertli\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, kurumamas\u0131 i\u00e7in eklenemez.<\/p>\n

2. Kimyasal bile\u015fime g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/p>\n

Hidrokarbon \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler: alifatik ve aromatik bazl\u0131 gibi, alifatik d\u00fcz zincirli parafinik hidrokarbonlara ayr\u0131labilir; aromatik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler \u00e7ekirdek olarak benzendir, benzen, toluen, ksilen yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Oksijen i\u00e7eren \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler: oksijen i\u00e7eren iki elementin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki karbon ve hidrojen nedeniyle bu t\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler, bu nedenle alkol, aseton, etil asetat ve benzeri gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

3. Polariteye g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/p>\n

Elektrik iletip iletmemesine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, \"polar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler\" olarak bilinen iletken olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; \u00f6rne\u011fin: alkoller, esterler, ketonlar, vb. ve di\u011fer iletkenlik g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve zay\u0131f bir boyut fark\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n

4. Buharla\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan b\u00fctil asetata (BAC) dayanmaktad\u0131r)<\/p>\n

H\u0131zl\u0131 kuruyan tip: BAC'den 3 kat daha h\u0131zl\u0131;<\/p>\n

Orta kuru \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc: BAC'den 1,5 kat daha h\u0131zl\u0131;<\/p>\n

Yava\u015f kuruyan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler: buharla\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131 b\u00fctil asetat (BAC) ile pentanol aras\u0131nda olanlar;<\/p>\n

\u00c7ok yava\u015f kuruyan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc: siklohekzanon, dietilen glikol eter vb.<\/p>\n

5. \u00d6deme g\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc: \"aktif \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc\" olarak da bilinir, belirli bir re\u00e7ine i\u00e7in tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir; \u00f6rne\u011fin, nitrosel\u00fcloz ester, eter, keton \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcleri ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7\u00f6zebilir.<\/p>\n

E\u015f \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc: \"gizli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc\" olarak da bilinir, tek ba\u015f\u0131na kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7\u00f6zme yetene\u011fi yoktur, ancak ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ile birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6zme g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rabilir; alkoller gibi.<\/p>\n

Seyreltici: ger\u00e7ek bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yoktur, ancak ki\u015finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in viskoziteyi ayarlamak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerde; kullan\u0131lan genel kaplama boyas\u0131 seyrelticisine benzen gibi \"muz suyu\" (Tiana suyu) denir.<\/p>\n

Genel kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc, katk\u0131 maddeleri ve seyreltici oran\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 35:15:50 iken, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, orta ve y\u00fcksek kaynama noktal\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin oran\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 25:65:10'dur.<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin polarite s\u0131ras\u0131 tablosu<\/p>\n

G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc polariteli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc:<\/p>\n

Metanol\u3009Etanol\u3009\u0130zopropanol<\/p>\n

Orta polariteli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc:<\/p>\n

Etil siyan\u00fcr\u3009Etil asetat\u3009Kloroform\u3009Diklorometan\u3009Eter\u3009Toluen<\/p>\n

Polar olmayan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler:<\/p>\n

Siklohekzan, petrol eteri, heksan, pentan<\/p>\n

Tek bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn polarite s\u0131ras\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

Petrol eteri (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck) \u2192 siklohekzan \u2192 karbon tetraklor\u00fcr \u2192 trikloretilen \u2192 benzen \u2192 toluen \u2192 diklorometan \u2192 kloroform \u2192 etil eter \u2192 etil asetat \u2192 metil asetat \u2192 aseton \u2192 n-propanol \u2192 metanol \u2192 piridin \u2192 asetik asit (b\u00fcy\u00fck)<\/p>\n

Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin polarite s\u0131ras\u0131:<\/p>\n

Benzen: Kloroform (1+1) \u2192 Siklohekzan: Etil Asetat (8+2) \u2192 Kloroform: Aseton (95+5) \u2192 Benzen: Aseton (9+1) \u2192 Benzen: Etil Asetat (8+2) \u2192 Kloroform: Etil Eter (9+1) \u2192 Benzen: Metanol (95+5) \u2192 Benzen: Etil Eter (6+4) \u2192 Siklohekzan: Etil Asetat (1+1) \u2192 Kloroform: Eter (8+2) \u2192 Kloroform: Metanol (99+1) \u2192 Benzen. Metanol (9+1) \u2192 Kloroform:Aseton (85+15) \u2192 Benzen:Eter (4+6) \u2192 Benzen:Etil Asetat (1+1) \u2192 Kloroform:Metanol (95+5) \u2192 Kloroform:Aseton (7+3) \u2192 Benzen:Etil Asetat (3+7) \u2192 Benzen:Eter (1+9) \u2192 Etil Eter:Metanol (99+1) \u2192 Etil Asetat:Metanol (99+1) \u2192 Benzen:Aseton (1+1) \u2192 Kloroform:Metanol (1+1) \u2192 Kloroform:Metanol ( 9+1)<\/p>\n

Not: Benzen:metanol (95+5), kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in 95 hacim benzenin 5 hacim metanol ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir!<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan solvent kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131:<\/p>\n

Etil asetat\/hekzan: genellikle 0-30% konsantrasyonlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak, d\u00f6ner buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131da \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcy\u00fc tamamen uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak bazen zordur.<\/p>\n

Eter \/ Pentan sistemi: 0~40% konsantrasyon daha yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00f6ner buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131da \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ok kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Etanol\/hekzan veya pentan: G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc polar bile\u015fikler i\u00e7in 5-30% tercih edilir.<\/p>\n

Diklorometan\/ Hekzan veya Pentan: 5~30% di\u011fer \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011funda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

Fonksiyonel gruplar\u0131n polaritesinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n

Alkanlar (-CH3, -CH2-) < Olefinler (-CH=CH -) < Eterler (-O-CH3. -O-CH2-) \uff1cNitro bile\u015fikler (-NO2) \uff1cDimetilaminler (CH3-N-CH3) \uff1cLipitler (-COOR) Ketonlar (-CO-) < aldehitler (-CHO) < merkaptanlar (-SH) < aminler (-NH2) < amidler (-NHCO-) < alkoller (-NHCO CH3) < Alkoller (-OH) < Fenoller (< Ar-OH) < Karboksilik asitler (-COOH)<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n mobil fazlar\u0131n polaritesi<\/p>\n

Petrol eteri <Benzin <Heptan <Hekzan <Karbon dis\u00fclf\u00fcr <Ksilen <Toluen <Kloropropan <Benzen <Etil brom\u00fcr <Bromobenzen <Dikloroetan (DCM) <Triklorometan <\u0130zopropil eter <Nitrometan <B\u00fctil asetat <Etil eter <Etil asetat <N-pentan <n-B\u00fctil alkol <Fenol <Metiletanol <tert-B\u00fctil alkol <Tetrahidrofuran <Dioksan <Petanon <Etanol <Asetonitril <Metanol <Azot Dimetilformamid (DMF) \uff1c Su<\/p>\n

Resim<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin t\u00fcrleri ve \u00f6zellikleri<\/p>\n

1. Alifatik hidrokarbon \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler<\/p>\n

Alifatik hidrokarbon \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin kimyasal bile\u015fimi esas olarak zincir hidrokarbonlard\u0131r, petrol fraksiyonasyonunun bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u2460 petrol eteri, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dereceli alkanlar\u0131n bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olan petrol\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynama noktal\u0131 bir fraksiyonudur; art\u0131k boyada daha az kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2461 200 # boya \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ya\u011f\u0131, alkanlar, olefinler, sikloalkanlar ve C4 ~ C11 i\u00e7eren az miktarda aromatik hidrokarbonlar\u0131n bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r, ana bile\u015fenler pentan, heksan, heptan ve oktand\u0131r. Ham petrol\u00fcn do\u011frudan dam\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131ndan elde edilen benzin temelde olefin i\u00e7ermez, benzinin \u00e7atlat\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla \u00f6nemli miktarda olefin i\u00e7erir, benzin kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak \u00e7atlam\u0131\u015f fraksiyonlardan ve tetraetil kur\u015fundan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

200# boya \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ya\u011f\u0131 bir t\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc benzindir, kaynama aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 145 \u2103 \uff5e 200 \u2103'dir. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta terebentin yerine kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, tarihsel olarak \"terebentin\" olarak bilinir, yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelerde \"mineral ruhlar\" olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2. Aromatik hidrokarbon \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler<\/p>\n

Aromatik hidrokarbon \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin \u015fu anda en b\u00fcy\u00fck end\u00fcstriyel kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 olan a, kayna\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re kokla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f aromatikler ve petrol aromatikleri olarak iki kategoriye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Kokla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f aromatikler k\u00f6m\u00fcr katran\u0131n\u0131n fraksiyonlanmas\u0131yla, petrol aromatikleri ise petrol \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin platin reform ya\u011f\u0131, katalitik kraking ya\u011f\u0131 ve toluen gazla\u015ft\u0131rma ya\u011f\u0131 yoluyla dam\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilir.<\/p>\n

Benzen (BENZE) \u00e7o\u011fu organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ile kar\u0131\u015fabilir. Ana kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 boya ve b\u00fctil asetat, aseton ve b\u00fctanol ile nitro boyalarda seyreltici olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2461 Toluen (TOL) bir\u00e7ok organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. U\u00e7uculu\u011fu ksileninkinden 3 kat daha fazlad\u0131r, bu nedenle nadiren bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve esas olarak kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin bile\u015fenlerinden biridir.<\/p>\n

\u2462 Ksilen (XL) yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan kelime biti\u015fik, aral\u0131, para-ksilen \u00fc\u00e7 izomerinden herhangi birinin kaplamalarda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak tek ba\u015f\u0131na kullan\u0131m\u0131 uygun de\u011fildir. End\u00fcstriyel kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k ksilen, aromatik hidrokarbonlar\u0131n karakteristik kokusuna sahip renksiz \u015feffaf bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r ve bazen hafif bir floresan \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 yayar.<\/p>\n

Susuz ksilen boya end\u00fcstrisinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez ve etanol, eter, aromatik ve alifatik hidrokarbon \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerle kar\u0131\u015fabilir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe ve orta derecede buharla\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131na sahiptir ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerden biridir.<\/p>\n

(iii) Solvent nafta, k\u00f6m\u00fcr katran\u0131 hafif ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fraksiyonlanmas\u0131yla elde edilen kokla\u015fm\u0131\u015f aromatik hidrokarbonlar\u0131n bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olan renksiz veya a\u00e7\u0131k sar\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r. Kaynama aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 120 \u2103 ~ 200 \u2103, esas olarak toluen, ksilen izomerleri, etilbenzen, izopropilbenzen ve di\u011fer bile\u015fenler.<\/p>\n

\u2463 Y\u00fcksek kaynama noktal\u0131 aromatik hidrokarbon \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler, petrol aromatik hidrokarbonlar\u0131, a\u011f\u0131r aromatikler C8 fraksiyonundan sonra, kalan C9, C10 ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n di\u011fer y\u00fcksek kaynama noktal\u0131 fraksiyonlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6zel de\u011ferin ke\u015ffinden sonra ksilenin yerine \"a\u011f\u0131r aromatik hidrokarbonlar\" demeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve daha sonra farkl\u0131 fraksiyonlara b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc, kaynama noktas\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve u\u00e7uculu\u011funu en iyi h\u0131zda uzatabilir, \u00c7in'in kaplama end\u00fcstrisi daha fazla ithal \u00fcr\u00fcn kullanmak i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

Avantajlar\u0131 esas olarak aromatik hidrokarbonlard\u0131r, film kurutmada, t\u00fcm i\u015flemin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc buharla\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00fcksek derecede \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe sahiptir; b\u00f6ylece kabuk fenomeni olmayan film ve parlakl\u0131\u011fa sahiptir; buharla\u015fma oran\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ksilen ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir; \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in No. 200 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc benzin ile de kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir; parlama noktas\u0131 daha y\u00fcksektir, daha g\u00fcvenlidir.<\/p>\n

3. Terpen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/p>\n

\u00c7am a\u011fac\u0131ndan elde edilir, eski bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr; yayg\u0131n olarak terebentin, dipenten kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

4. Alkol \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler<\/p>\n

Alkoller, ketonlar, esterler, alkol eter \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcleri genellikle \"oksijenli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler\" olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; yani molek\u00fclde oksijen atomu i\u00e7eren \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler. Geni\u015f \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, re\u00e7inenin \u00e7o\u011funu \u00e7\u00f6zebilir, genellikle di\u011fer \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n olarak \"alkol\" olarak bilinen etanol (ETHONL), genellikle seyreltici olarak di\u011fer \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol (IBA), \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck ve u\u00e7uculuk oran\u0131 ve etanole yak\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kokusu; esas olarak nitrosel\u00fcloz ve asetat elyaf kaplama yard\u0131mc\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

n-Butanol (NBA), alkol, eter, benzen ve di\u011fer organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerle kar\u0131\u015fabilen, \u00f6zel aromatik kokuya sahip renksiz \u015feffaf bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r. N-butanol ve ksilenin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc, amino f\u0131r\u0131n boyas\u0131 ve epoksi re\u00e7ine boyas\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r; n-butanol, y\u00fcksek kaynama noktas\u0131 ve yava\u015f buharla\u015fmas\u0131 nedeniyle nitrofiber re\u00e7inenin yard\u0131mc\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr, bu nedenle \"beyaz \u00f6nleyici etkiye\" sahiptir; dezavantaj\u0131 viskozitesinin daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5. Keton \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc<\/p>\n

Keton \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ba\u015fka bir oksijenli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u2460 Aseton (ACT), kaynama noktas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, buharla\u015fma oran\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr, u\u00e7ucu kaplamalar i\u00e7in iyi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. H\u0131zl\u0131 buharla\u015fman\u0131n so\u011futma etkisi nedeniyle, film y\u00fczeyinde havadaki su buhar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131na neden olabilir, bu da film y\u00fczeyinin donmas\u0131na neden olur, genellikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck u\u00e7uculuktaki alkollerin ve alkollerin ve eter \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin beyaz \u00f6nleyici etkisi ile birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2461 metil etil keton (MEK) - \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck ve aseton, ancak buharla\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131 daha yava\u015ft\u0131r, nitrosel\u00fcloz, akrilik re\u00e7ine, vinil re\u00e7ine, epoksi re\u00e7ineler, poli\u00fcretan re\u00e7ineler yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerden biridir.<\/p>\n

Metil izob\u00fctil keton (MIBK), metil etil ketonun buharla\u015fmas\u0131ndan daha yava\u015ft\u0131r, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6zme g\u00fcc\u00fcne ve iyi performansa sahiptir, genellikle di\u011fer \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sikloheksanon (CHK), esas olarak poli\u00fcretan, epoksi re\u00e7ine, vinil re\u00e7ine kaplamalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli re\u00e7ineler i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc, yava\u015f buharla\u015fma, m\u00fckemmel \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr; boya filminin yap\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilir ve filmi p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz ve g\u00fczel hale getirebilir.<\/p>\n

\u2464 \u0130zoforon (IP)- kafur benzeri kokuya sahip, y\u00fcksek kaynama noktas\u0131na, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck higroskopikli\u011fe, yava\u015f u\u00e7uculu\u011fa ve iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahip, \u00e7o\u011fu organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ve bir\u00e7ok nitrosel\u00fcloz kaplama t\u00fcr\u00fc ile kar\u0131\u015fabilen a\u00e7\u0131k sar\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

(6) Diacetone Alcohol - renksiz ve kokusuz \u015feffaf bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r, genellikle elektrostatik seyrelticileri form\u00fcle etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

6. Ester \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler<\/p>\n

Ester \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler de bir t\u00fcr oksijenli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Boyalarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan ester \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin \u00e7o\u011fu asetatt\u0131r, ancak az miktarda organik asit esterleri de vard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olan CAC, PU kaplaman\u0131n (PU yava\u015f kuruyan su) son derece \u00f6nemli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u2460 etil asetat (EAC) renksiz \u015feffaf bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r, meyvemsi bir aromaya sahiptir, \u00e7o\u011fu organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ile kar\u0131\u015fabilir, bitkisel ya\u011flar\u0131, gliserol re\u00e7ine esterlerini, nitrosel\u00fclozu, vinil klor\u00fcr re\u00e7inelerini ve polistiren re\u00e7inelerini vb. \u00e7\u00f6zebilir, boyadaki nitrosel\u00fcloz, etilsel\u00fcloz, poliakrilik asit re\u00e7inesi ve poli\u00fcretan re\u00e7ineleri i\u00e7in bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

\u2461 n-butil asetat (BAC) - meyvemsi kokulu renksiz bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r, suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez, ayn\u0131 zamanda hidrolize edilmesi zordur, alkoller, eterler ve di\u011fer genel organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerle kar\u0131\u015fabilir; bitkisel ya\u011flar, gliserin re\u00e7ine esterleri, polivinil asetat re\u00e7ineleri, poliakrilik re\u00e7ineler, klorlu kau\u00e7uk ve benzeri iyi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe sahiptir, nitrosel\u00fcloz kaplamalar, poliakrilat kaplamalar, klorlu kau\u00e7uk kaplamalar, poli\u00fcretan kaplamalar, yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerdir. Nitrosel\u00fcloz kaplama, poliakrilat kaplama, klorlu kau\u00e7uk kaplama ve poli\u00fcretan kaplamada yayg\u0131n bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u2462 \u0130zob\u00fctil asetat (IBAC) - do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi BAC'ye benzer, ancak 17,8 \u2103 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck parlama noktas\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n

\u2463 Y\u00fcksek karbonlu alkol asetat - heksil asetat, heptil asetat, asetat, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcksek karbonlu alkol asetat\u0131n asetat\u0131d\u0131r, y\u00fcksek kaynama noktal\u0131 bir ester \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak, oksijen i\u00e7eren \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin daha y\u00fcksek bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sahiptir, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda hidrokarbon \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 da korur.<\/p>\n

Neme duyarl\u0131 hava kurumal\u0131 kaplamalar i\u00e7in mevcut heksil asetat, daha yava\u015f buharla\u015fma oran\u0131, filmin \"beyazlama\" e\u011filimini etkili bir \u015fekilde azaltabilir ve ayn\u0131 zamanda belirli bir u\u00e7uculu\u011fa sahiptir, nitrosel\u00fcloz kaplamalarda h\u0131zl\u0131 kuruyabilir, iki bile\u015fenli poli\u00fcretan kaplamalar ve u\u00e7ucu akrilik re\u00e7ine boyalar benzersiz bir avantaja sahiptir.<\/p>\n

7. Alkol eter ve eter ester \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler<\/p>\n

\u2460 Glikol eter - glikol eter veya etanol \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc elyaf olarak da bilinir, renksiz bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r, hafif bir aromas\u0131 vard\u0131r, \"olduk\u00e7a toksik\" kategorisine aittir. Su, alkol, eter, aseton ve di\u011fer \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerle kar\u0131\u015fabilir, su bazl\u0131 kaplamalar i\u00e7in iyi bir yard\u0131mc\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u2461 glikol b\u00fctil eter, glikol b\u00fctil eter veya b\u00fctil \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc elyaf olarak da bilinir, renksiz bir s\u0131v\u0131, tek aroma; aseton, benzen, etil eter, metanol ve di\u011fer organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir, nitrosel\u00fcloz kaplamalar iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerdir ve beyazla\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemede rol oynayabilir. \u00c7o\u011fu boyada kullan\u0131l\u0131r, k\u0131r\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k \u00f6nleyici, bu\u011fu \u00f6nleyici, film ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 rol oynayabilir; su bazl\u0131 boya i\u00e7in iyi bir yard\u0131mc\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

(iii) Etilen glikol etil eter asetat - glikol etil eter asetat, etil \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc asetat veya asetik asit - 2-etoksietil ester olarak da bilinir, renksiz bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r, hafif aromatiktir. Molek\u00fcler yap\u0131s\u0131 eter ve ester yap\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011finden, \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir, y\u00fcksek bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe sahiptir, gres, re\u00e7ine, klorlu kau\u00e7uk, nitrosel\u00fcloz, alkid re\u00e7inesi, fenolik re\u00e7ine ve benzeri \u00e7e\u015fitli kaplama \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini \u00e7\u00f6zebilir. U\u00e7ucula\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131 yava\u015ft\u0131r, bu da kaplama filminin tesviyesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur, kaplama filmini e\u015fit hale getirir ve parlak yap\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 iyile\u015ftirir; genellikle su bazl\u0131 kaplamalarda yard\u0131mc\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Propilen glikol eter \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc - propilen glikol metil eter, propilen glikol etil eter, propilen glikol b\u00fctil eter ve esterleri dahil. Kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri ve glikol eter \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcleri benzerdir, ancak toksisitesi \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr, yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkeler yava\u015f yava\u015f glikol eter \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerinin yerini almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Propilen glikol eter \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcleri, kaplama filminin tesviyesini, parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve dolgunlu\u011funu art\u0131rabilen ve baz\u0131 kaplama filmlerinin ortak patolojilerinin \u00fcstesinden gelebilen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck kabiliyetine ve yava\u015f u\u00e7uculu\u011fa sahiptir ve nitrosel\u00fcloz kaplamalar, amino-alkid kaplamalar, akrilik kaplamalar ve epoksi kaplamalar i\u00e7in iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerdir; ayr\u0131ca su ile herhangi bir oranda kar\u0131\u015fabilir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle su bazl\u0131 kaplamalar ve film olu\u015fturucu yard\u0131mc\u0131lar i\u00e7in en iyi yard\u0131mc\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerdir.<\/p>\n

\u2464 Dietilen glikol eter \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc - bu t\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc genellikle y\u00fcksek kaynama noktas\u0131na sahiptir, genellikle boyaya eklenir, f\u0131r\u00e7alanabilirli\u011fi, tesviyeyi ve film yap\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r; nadiren ikincil viskozite ayar\u0131 ve seyreltme i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, burada tan\u0131t\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

8. Yayg\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerin kaynama noktas\u0131 ve buharla\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131<\/p>\n

Resim<\/p>\n

\u00d6zet<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131daki analizden \u015fu sonuca var\u0131labilir: boyan\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015feni olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc, kaplama filminde yeri doldurulamaz bir role sahiptir, se\u00e7im ve ekleme miktar\u0131n\u0131n makul olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaplama filminin kalitesini do\u011frudan etkileyecektir.<\/p>\n

\u015eu anda, kaplaman\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortam ve alt tabakadaki b\u00fcy\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar nedeniyle mobilya kaplamas\u0131n\u0131n yerel ve uluslararas\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda evrensel bir nicel deney yoktur; ancak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ilkelere uyulmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Kaplama i\u015fleminin tasar\u0131m\u0131, re\u00e7ine \u00e7\u00f6keltme fenomeni oldu\u011funda re\u00e7inenin belirli bir miktara eklenmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, bilinen konsantrasyondaki \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin viskozitesine \u00f6nceden dikkat etmelidir; yani seyreltme s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn u\u00e7uculu\u011fu buharla\u015fma oran\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecek, buharla\u015fma oran\u0131 re\u00e7inenin ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve tesviyeyi, yani filmin kalitesini etkileyecektir; kaplama \u015fekli ile ili\u015fkisi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr, burada p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmenin buharla\u015fma oran\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr, bunu azalan s\u0131rayla f\u0131r\u00e7alama, \u0131slatma, dald\u0131rma kaplama izler; bu nedenle, daha geni\u015f aral\u0131\u011fa uyum sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in genel olarak geni\u015f kaynama aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcleri se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kaplama \u015fekline g\u00f6re eklenmelidir.<\/p>\n

Solvent buhar\u0131 hava kirletici kaynaklardan biri olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ancak hen\u00fcz tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, solvent toksisitesinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fckte, daha az toksik solventler (\u00f6zellikle temizlik i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan seyrelticiler) kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak durumunda farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n rol\u00fc \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fildir; en b\u00fcy\u00fckten en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011fe do\u011fru s\u0131ralaman\u0131n genel toksisitesi: birinci kategori, benzen, klorlu alkenler, kloroform, vb.ikinci kategori, ketonlar, alkoller, esterler, toluen, ksilen, vs.; Kategori III, benzin, petrol ruhlar\u0131, terebentin, mineral ruhlar\u0131, vs.<\/p>\n

Solventin parlama noktas\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeyindeki buhar \u00fczerindeyken alevin tutu\u015fabilece\u011fi en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kt\u0131r ve bir yang\u0131n\u0131n meydana gelmesinin olas\u0131 bir g\u00f6stergesidir; solvent se\u00e7ilirken tamamen dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m y\u00f6ntemi teknolojik d\u00fczenlemelerde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Olgun fabrikalar, s\u00fcre\u00e7 protokollerinin makul bir solvent kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesindeki de\u011fi\u015fikliklere g\u00f6re, daha bilimsel deneysel verilere eri\u015fimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in temel bilgilerin biriktirilmesi, s\u0131cakl\u0131k, nem, de\u011fi\u015fiklik aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 vb. dahil olmak \u00fczere sa\u011flam bir yerel iklim kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve in\u015faat kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve vaka dosyalar\u0131 olu\u015fturmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sacas\u0131, kaplama filmindeki bir\u00e7ok kusur solventlerin yanl\u0131\u015f se\u00e7imi ve kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131rken, fabrika yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n gizli tehlikesi ve solventlerin ihmal edilmesi, solvent at\u0131klar\u0131, tortu y\u00f6netimi, do\u011fada kullan\u0131lan solventlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n temel nedeni ve solventlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok iyi bilinmemesinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle solventlerin dikkatli se\u00e7ilmesi, y\u00fcksek kaliteli \u00fcr\u00fcn ve g\u00fcvenli \u00fcretimin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n temeli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Politiyol\/Polimerkaptan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DMES Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nBis(2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide<\/td>\n3570-55-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DMPT Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nTHIOCURE DMPT<\/td>\n131538-00-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PETMP Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nPENTAERITRITOL TETRA (3-MERKAPTOPROPIYONAT)<\/td>\n7575-23-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PM839 Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nPolioksi (metil-1,2-etanediyl)<\/td>\n72244-98-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Monofonksiyonel Monomer<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HEMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n2-hidroksietil metakrilat<\/td>\n868-77-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HPMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n2-Hidroksipropil metakrilat<\/td>\n27813-02-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
THFA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nTetrahidrofurfuril akrilat<\/td>\n2399-48-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HDCPA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nHidrojenlenmi\u015f disiklopentenil akrilat<\/td>\n79637-74-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DCPMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nDihydrodicyclopentadienyl methacrylate<\/td>\n30798-39-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DCPA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nDihidrodisiklopentadienil Akrilat<\/td>\n12542-30-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DCPEMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nDisiklopenteniloksietil Metakrilat<\/td>\n68586-19-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DCPEOA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nDisiklopenteniloksietil Akrilat<\/td>\n65983-31-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NP-4EA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n(4) etoksillenmi\u015f nonilfenol<\/td>\n50974-47-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LA Monomer<\/td>\nLauril akrilat \/ Dodesil akrilat<\/td>\n2156-97-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
THFMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nTetrahidrofurfuril metakrilat<\/td>\n2455-24-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PHEA Monomer<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n2-FENOKSIETIL AKRILAT<\/td>\n48145-04-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nLauril metakrilat<\/td>\n142-90-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IDA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n\u0130zodesil akrilat<\/td>\n1330-61-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IBOMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n\u0130zobornil metakrilat<\/td>\n7534-94-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IBOA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n\u0130zobornil akrilat<\/td>\n5888-33-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EOEOEA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n2-(2-Etoksietoksi)etil akrilat<\/td>\n7328-17-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7ok fonksiyonlu monomer<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DPHA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nDipentaeritritol hekzaakrilat<\/td>\n29570-58-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DI-TMPTA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nDI(TRIMETILOLPROPAN) TETRAAKRILAT<\/td>\n94108-97-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Akrilamid monomer<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ACMO Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n4-akriloilmorfolin<\/td>\n5117-12-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Di-fonksiyonel Monomer<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PEGDMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nPoli(etilen glikol) dimetakrilat<\/td>\n25852-47-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TPGDA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nTripropilen glikol diakrilat<\/td>\n42978-66-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TEGDMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nTrietilen glikol dimetakrilat<\/td>\n109-16-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PO2-NPGDA Monomer<\/span><\/a><\/td>\nPropoksilat neopentilen glikol diakrilat<\/td>\n84170-74-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PEGDA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nPolietilen Glikol Diakrilat<\/td>\n26570-48-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PDDA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nFtalat dietilen glikol diakrilat<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NPGDA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nNeopentil glikol diakrilat<\/td>\n2223-82-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HDDA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nHeksametilen Diakrilat<\/td>\n13048-33-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EO4-BPADA Monomer<\/span><\/a><\/td>\nETOKSILLENMI\u015e (4) BISFENOL A DIAKRILAT<\/td>\n64401-02-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EO10-BPADA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nETOKSILLENMI\u015e (10) BISFENOL A DIAKRILAT<\/td>\n64401-02-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EGDMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nEtilen glikol dimetakrilat<\/td>\n97-90-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DPGDA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nDipropilen Glikol Dienoat<\/td>\n57472-68-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bis-GMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nBisfenol A Glisidil Metakrilat<\/td>\n1565-94-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00dc\u00e7 Fonksiyonlu Monomer<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TMPTMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nTrimetilolpropan trimetakrilat<\/td>\n3290-92-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TMPTA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nTrimetilolpropan triakrilat<\/td>\n15625-89-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PETA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nPentaeritritol triakrilat<\/td>\n3524-68-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GPTA (G3POTA) Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nGLISERIL PROPOKSI TRIAKRILAT<\/td>\n52408-84-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EO3-TMPTA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nEtoksillenmi\u015f trimetilolpropan triakrilat<\/td>\n28961-43-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fotorezist Monomer<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IPAMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n2-izopropil-2-adamantil metakrilat<\/td>\n297156-50-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ECPMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n1-Etilsiklopentil Metakrilat<\/td>\n266308-58-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ADAMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n1-Adamantil Metakrilat<\/td>\n16887-36-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Metakrilat monomer<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TBAEMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n2-(Tert-b\u00fctilamino)etil metakrilat<\/td>\n3775-90-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NBMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nn-B\u00fctil metakrilat<\/td>\n97-88-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
MEMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n2-Metoksietil Metakrilat<\/td>\n6976-93-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
i-BMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n\u0130zob\u00fctil metakrilat<\/td>\n97-86-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EHMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n2-Etilheksil metakrilat<\/td>\n688-84-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EGDMP Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nEtilen glikol Bis(3-merkaptopropiyonat)<\/td>\n22504-50-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EEMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n2-etoksietil 2-metilprop-2-enoat<\/td>\n2370-63-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DMAEMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nN,M-Dimetilaminoetil metakrilat<\/td>\n2867-47-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DEAM Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nDietilaminoetil metakrilat<\/td>\n105-16-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CHMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nSikloheksil metakrilat<\/td>\n101-43-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BZMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nBenzil metakrilat<\/td>\n2495-37-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BDDMP Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n1,4-B\u00fctandiol Di(3-merkaptopropiyonat)<\/td>\n92140-97-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BDDMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n1,4-B\u00fctandioldimetakrilat<\/td>\n2082-81-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nAlil metakrilat<\/td>\n96-05-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AAEM Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nAsetilasetoksietil metakrilat<\/td>\n21282-97-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Akrilatlar Monomer<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IBA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n\u0130zob\u00fctil akrilat<\/td>\n106-63-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EMA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nEtil metakrilat<\/td>\n97-63-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DMAEA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nDimetilaminoetil akrilat<\/td>\n2439-35-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DEAEA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n2-(dietilamino)etil prop-2-enoat<\/td>\n2426-54-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CHA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nsikloheksil prop-2-enoat<\/td>\n3066-71-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BZA Monomer<\/a><\/span><\/td>\nbenzil prop-2-enoat<\/td>\n2495-35-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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How buyers usually evaluate coating and ink additives<\/h2>\n

Additive selection is usually most effective when the team defines the defect first and then screens compatibility, dosage range, and process stage. That is often much more reliable than choosing only by chemistry family or by a single dramatic lab result.<\/p>\n