{"id":6371,"date":"2023-12-29T12:56:52","date_gmt":"2023-12-29T12:56:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/?p=6371"},"modified":"2026-08-25T09:30:59","modified_gmt":"2026-08-25T09:30:59","slug":"six-main-categories-of-natural-antioxidants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/tr\/six-main-categories-of-natural-antioxidants\/","title":{"rendered":"Natural Antioxidants: Six Main Classes & Functions"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u0131zl\u0131 cevap:<\/strong> Natural antioxidants include several chemical classes with different radical-scavenging, reducing or chelating behavior. Their practical performance depends on composition, extraction, concentration, oxygen, light, temperature and the application matrix.<\/p>\n

Antioksidanlar hidrojen don\u00f6rleri olarak hareket eder ve zincir ba\u015flatma a\u015famas\u0131nda olu\u015fan serbest radikalleri temizlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flar\u0131n oksidasyonunu engeller veya azalt\u0131r. Bu nedenle, kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flar\u0131n oksidasyonunu yava\u015flatman\u0131n ve kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flar\u0131n raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzatman\u0131n en yayg\u0131n ve etkili yolu kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flara antioksidanlar eklemektir.<\/p>\n

Sentetik antioksidanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, teratojenite, karsinojenite ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131mla ili\u015fkili kronik hastal\u0131klar gibi bir\u00e7ok g\u00fcvenlik endi\u015fesi nedeniyle sorgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fal antioksidanlar bitkilerden ve hayvanlardan elde edilir ve y\u00fcksek g\u00fcvenlik, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc antioksidan kapasite, yan etki olmamas\u0131 ve korozyon \u00f6nleyici ve tazelik korumas\u0131 ile karakterize edilir.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fal antioksidanlar mekanizmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re kategorize edilebilir: serbest radikal emiciler, metal iyon \u015felat\u00f6rleri, oksijen tutucular, tek do\u011frusal oksijen s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler, hidroperoksit ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, ultraviyole emiciler ve enzim antioksidanlar\u0131. Yayg\u0131n do\u011fal antioksidanlar temel olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kategorilere ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n

I. Flavonoidler
\nFlavonoidler, do\u011fada bulunan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck molek\u00fcll\u00fc do\u011fal bitki bile\u015fenlerinin 2-fenilkromon yap\u0131s\u0131na sahip, insan v\u00fccudunun sentezleyemedi\u011fi, d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadan al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bir bile\u015fik s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131d\u0131r. Molek\u00fclleri bir keton karbonile sahiptir, oksijen atomunun alkali ile ilk konumu, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc asitlerle tuzlar olu\u015fturabilir ve hidroksil t\u00fcrevleri sar\u0131 renge sahiptir, bu nedenle ksantofiller veya flavonoidler olarak da bilinir.<\/p>\n

Flavonoidlerin iki t\u00fcr antioksidan mekanizmas\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

1, metal iyonlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015felatlamak, metal iyonlar\u0131 ile \u015felatlar olu\u015fturabilir, metal iyonlar\u0131n\u0131n katalitik aktivitesini azaltabilir, oksidasyon reaksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunu engelleyebilir ve reaktif oksijen t\u00fcrlerini (ROS) ve reaktif nitrojen t\u00fcrlerini uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in iyi bir yol olabilir.<\/p>\n

2, serbest radikalleri temizler, hidrojen peroksit radikallerine hidrojen atomlar\u0131 sa\u011flar, stabil hidroperoksitler olu\u015fturur ve molek\u00fcldeki fenolik hidroksil grubu oksijen radikalleri ile reaksiyona girerek konjuge stabil semikinon radikalleri olu\u015fturur ve serbest radikallerin zincirleme reaksiyonunu keser.<\/p>\n

Flavonoid do\u011fal antioksidan \u00f6rnekleri:<\/p>\n

1, antioksidan aktif bile\u015fen 3,4,5,7-tetrahidroksiflavon i\u00e7eren yer f\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabu\u011fu ekstresi, oto oksitleyici bir serbest radikal inhibit\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr, antioksidan aktivitesi butillenmi\u015f hidroksitoluene (BHT) e\u015fde\u011ferdir, tokoferolden daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n

2, Meyan k\u00f6k\u00fc kalkon A, meyan k\u00f6k\u00fc kalkon B ve meyan k\u00f6k\u00fc izoflavonlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren, serbest radikalleri g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde temizleyen ve enzimatik oksidasyonu inhibe eden meyan k\u00f6k\u00fc ekstresi.<\/p>\n

3, Proantosiyanidinler, lipid oksidasyonunun inhibisyonu \u00f6nemlidir, lesitin ve E vitamini proantosiyanidinlerin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi \u00fczerinde iyi bir etkiye sahiptir. Ya\u011f oksidaz aktivitesinin inhibisyonunda, proantosiyanidinler ve \u00e7ay polifenolleri ayn\u0131 etkiye sahiptir.<\/p>\n

4, di\u011ferleri, havl\u0131candaki galangal ekstresi, akasya pirincindeki rutin, kekik otundaki apigenin ve jindirodaki kuersetin flavonoidlere aittir ve kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flar \u00fczerindeki antioksidan kapasiteleri b\u00fctillenmi\u015f hidroksitoluene (BHT) e\u015fde\u011fer veya b\u00fctillenmi\u015f hidroksitoluenden (BHT) daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n

Polifenoller
\nPolifenolik bile\u015fikler, fenolik grup nedeniyle toplu olarak kimyasal maddelerdeki bir grup bitkidir ve adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. 2 kategoriye ayr\u0131labilir, biri klorojenik asit, ellagik asit ve bir dizi glikozit i\u00e7eren kompozit polifenol bile\u015fikleri dahil olmak \u00fczere bir polifenol monomeridir; di\u011feri, topluca tanen benzeri maddeler olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan oligomer veya polimerin bir polifenol monomer polimerizasyonudur.<\/p>\n

Polifenol \u00f6rnekleri do\u011fal antioksidanlar:<\/p>\n

1, \u00e7ay polifenolleri, antioksidan aktivitesi b\u00fctillenmi\u015f hidroksianisol (BHA) 2.6 kat, E vitamininin 3.6 kat\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ay polifenol\u00fc suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr oldu\u011fundan, kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flarda daha iyi bir rol oynamak i\u00e7in ya\u011fda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr tipe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

2, resveratrol, esas olarak yer f\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fcz\u00fcm (k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015farap), maz\u0131, dut ve di\u011fer bitkilerden elde edilen resveratrol, uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc proteinleri - deasetilaz (sirtuinler) etkili bir \u015fekilde etkinle\u015ftirmesiyle bilinen bir polifenol bile\u015fi\u011fidir. sirtuin, \u00e7e\u015fitli h\u00fccresel s\u00fcre\u00e7leri d\u00fczenleyerek h\u00fccresel ya\u015flanmay\u0131 yava\u015flatmada ve ya\u015fam\u0131 uzatmada \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Sirtuin'in h\u00fccresel ya\u015flanmay\u0131 inhibe etmesine esas olarak ya\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131 telomer kayb\u0131n\u0131 geciktirmesi, genom b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korumas\u0131 ve DNA hasar onar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmesi arac\u0131l\u0131k eder.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fal pigmentler
\nDo\u011fal pigmentler \u00e7ok say\u0131da fenolik hidroksil grubu i\u00e7erir, bu nedenle etkili hidroksil radikali ve peroksil radikali s\u00fcp\u00fcrme kabiliyetine sahiptirler ve ayr\u0131ca g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc indirgeme \u00f6zelliklerine sahiptirler, tek do\u011frusal oksijeni patlatabilirler, \u00e7ok umut verici bir do\u011fal ya\u011f antioksidan\u0131d\u0131r ve antioksidan kapasitesi vitaminlerdir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, C vitamini, E vitamini) birka\u00e7 kez. Yayg\u0131n do\u011fal pigmentler aras\u0131nda beta-karoten, likopen, astaksantin vb. bulunur. Do\u011fal pigment bazl\u0131 antioksidanlar\u0131n dezavantaj\u0131, suda az \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr olmalar\u0131, renkleri kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n kolay olmamas\u0131 ve renk de\u011fi\u015ftirmelerinin kolay olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar astaksantin ve di\u011fer be\u015f do\u011fal antioksidan\u0131n antioksidan \u00f6zelliklerini iki yemeklik ya\u011f sisteminde incelemi\u015flerdir, ve kanola ya\u011f\u0131ndaki antioksidan etkinin astaksantin\uff1e likopen\uff1e C vitamini\uff1e E vitamini\uff1e \u03b2-karoten\uff1e lutein oldu\u011funu ve soya fasulyesi ya\u011f\u0131ndaki antioksidan etkinin astaksantin\uff1e lutein\uff1e C vitamini\u2248 E vitamini\u2248 \u03b2-karoten\uff1e likopen oldu\u011funu bulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, vitaminler ve t\u00fcrevleri
\nVitaminler, \u00e7o\u011fu v\u00fccutta sentezlenemeyen veya az miktarda sentezlenen, g\u0131dalardan al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken, C vitamini, E vitamini, koenzim Q'nun g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir antioksidan i\u015flevi olan bir besin maddesinin insan ya\u015fam aktiviteleri i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmezdir.<\/p>\n

1, tokoferol olarak da bilinen E vitamini, fizyolojik olarak aktif maddelerin \u00f6nemli bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131d\u0131r, baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar antioksidan i\u015flevinin sadece serbest radikallerin uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda potansiyel kaynaklar\u0131n lipid peroksitlerinin olu\u015fumunu da ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na inanmaktad\u0131r, Membran i\u00e7indeki h\u00fccresel partik\u00fcllerin ve eritrositlerin etraf\u0131ndaki dokular\u0131n membran\u0131ndaki \u00e7oklu doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitlerinin oksidasyonunu inhibe eder ve peroksitlerle reaksiyona girerek h\u00fccrelere zarars\u0131z hale d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecek malzemenin h\u00fccre membranlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korumak i\u00e7in uzun zincirli \u00e7oklu doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitlerini, b\u00f6ylece h\u00fccre membran\u0131n\u0131 korur. Doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitleri h\u00fccre zar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc koruyarak biyolojik aktivitesini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

2, askorbik asit olarak da bilinen C vitamini, suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr, asetonda az \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr, antioksidan aktivitesi esas olarak serbest radikallerin at\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla, OH-, ROO- gibi serbest radikallerin at\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in elektronlar\u0131n ad\u0131m ad\u0131m yar\u0131 dehidrovitamin C'ye beslenmesi yoluyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n

3\u3001Koenzim Q10 bir kinon bile\u015fi\u011fidir, hayvanlarda, bitkilerde, mikroorganizmalarda ve di\u011fer h\u00fccrelerde yayg\u0131n olarak bulunur, genellikle \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck i\u00e7eriktedir, v\u00fccutta oksitlenmi\u015f ve indirgenmi\u015f 2 form vard\u0131r ve birbirine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir, ancak yaln\u0131zca indirgenmi\u015f form, esas olarak serbest radikallerin at\u0131lmas\u0131nda, h\u00fccre zar\u0131n\u0131n stabilize edilmesinde ve anti-apoptozda antioksidan bir rol oynayabilir.<\/p>\n

Antioksidan peptit
\nAntioksidan peptitler esas olarak hayvansal ve bitkisel proteinlerden ve bunlar\u0131n hidroliz \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden elde edilir.<\/p>\n

1, soya peptidi, belirli bir molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktaki peptidin enzimatik hidrolizi ile soya proteini, serbest radikalleri inhibe etme konusunda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir yetene\u011fe sahiptir, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda lipoksijenaz aktivitesini de inhibe eder, yolu inhibe eder: \u2460 kompleks enzim aktif b\u00f6lgesi Fe3 +; \u2461 ve enzimin aktif b\u00f6lgesi i\u00e7in rekabet edecek substrat; \u2462 ve enzim molek\u00fclleri enzimle etkile\u015fime girer veya enzimin uzamsal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirir, b\u00f6ylece enzimin aktivitesini azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2, glutamik asit, sistein ve glisinden olu\u015fan glutatyon, GSH olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, molek\u00fcl indirgenmi\u015f bir s\u00fclfhidril-SH durumuna sahiptir, bu nedenle antioksidan \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir. Antioksidan yol: \u2460 serbest radikalleri bloke eder; \u2461 H\u2082O\u2082 ba\u011flar; \u2462 ester peroksitleri temizler.<\/p>\n

Alt\u0131, aktif polisakkarit
\nPolisakkarit bir t\u00fcr do\u011fal polimerdir, genellikle d\u00fcz zincir veya dall\u0131 zincir glikozidik ba\u011flarla ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f 10'dan fazla monosakkaritten olu\u015fur ve molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 on binlerce ila milyonlarca aras\u0131ndad\u0131r (sodyum hiyal\u00fcronat da bir t\u00fcr polisakkarit olarak kabul edilir).<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar, ginseng polisakkaritlerinin ve bambu eri\u011fi polisakkaritlerinin -OH \u00fczerinde daha iyi s\u00fcp\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc etkiye sahip oldu\u011funu, yaban mersini polisakkaritlerinin -OH ve DPPH radikalleri \u00fczerinde daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc s\u00fcp\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc etkiye sahip oldu\u011funu ve zencefil polisakkaritlerinin DPPH- \u00fczerinde -OH'den daha iyi s\u00fcp\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc etkiye sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Fiyata ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa, l\u00fctfen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki forma ileti\u015fim bilgilerinizi doldurun, genellikle 24 saat i\u00e7inde sizinle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ece\u011fiz. Bana e-posta da g\u00f6nderebilirsiniz\u00a0info@longchangchemical.com<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri i\u00e7inde (8:30 - 6:00 UTC+8 Pzt.~Sat.) veya h\u0131zl\u0131 yan\u0131t almak i\u00e7in web sitesi canl\u0131 sohbetini kullan\u0131n.<\/b><\/strong><\/h4>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Antioxidants act as hydrogen donors and are used to scavenge free radicals generated during the chain initiation phase, thus inhibiting or reducing the oxidation of fats and oils. Therefore, the<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[152],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-antioxidant"],"yoast_head":"\nNatural Antioxidants: Six Main Classes & Functions<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Review major natural-antioxidant classes, their radical-scavenging or chelating roles, sources, stability, extraction and application limitations.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/tr\/six-main-categories-of-natural-antioxidants\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Natural 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