{"id":6190,"date":"2023-07-24T08:07:59","date_gmt":"2023-07-24T08:07:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/?p=6190"},"modified":"2026-04-28T10:42:19","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T10:42:19","slug":"what-are-the-principles-and-applications-of-wetting-agents","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/tr\/what-are-the-principles-and-applications-of-wetting-agents\/","title":{"rendered":"Islat\u0131c\u0131 maddelerin prensipleri ve uygulamalar\u0131 nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Islat\u0131c\u0131 maddelerin prensipleri ve uygulamalar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h1>\n

<\/p>\n

Quick answer:<\/strong> A practical additive decision starts with the exact defect: foam, poor wetting, craters, haze, or instability. The best product is usually the one that solves that defect with the safest compatibility window.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

I. Islat\u0131c\u0131 madde kavram\u0131<\/strong>
\nIslat\u0131c\u0131 maddenin molek\u00fcler yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n temel \u00f6zelli\u011fi, molek\u00fcl\u00fcn bir ucunun hidrofilik bir gruba (zincir segmenti), di\u011fer ucunun ise kimyasal maddenin hidrofobik bir grubuna (zincir segmenti) sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Genel anlamda bu, molek\u00fcllerin s\u0131ras\u0131yla hidrofilik ve hidrofobik oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir.
\nRe\u00e7ine su bazl\u0131 bir re\u00e7ine oldu\u011funda, \u0131slatma mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 (esas olarak su bazl\u0131 re\u00e7ineler i\u00e7in) a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi anl\u0131yorum:
\nMekanizma: Su bazl\u0131 re\u00e7ine substrat\u0131n y\u00fczeyine kapland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0131slat\u0131c\u0131 maddenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u0131slat\u0131lacak y\u00fczeyle temas halinde olan kaplaman\u0131n alt k\u0131sm\u0131ndad\u0131r, lipofilik zincir segmentleri kat\u0131 y\u00fczeyde adsorbe edilir ve hidrofilik gruplar suya do\u011fru uzan\u0131r. Su ile substrat aras\u0131ndaki temas, su ile \u0131slat\u0131c\u0131 maddenin hidrofilik gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir temasa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr ve orta katman olarak \u0131slat\u0131c\u0131 madde ile bir sandvi\u00e7 yap\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Islatma amac\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in su faz\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Islat\u0131c\u0131 maddenin di\u011fer bir k\u0131sm\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeyinde bulunur, hidrofilik grubu s\u0131v\u0131 suya uzan\u0131r, hidrofobik gruplar havaya maruz kal\u0131r, tek bir molek\u00fcl tabakas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumu, kaplaman\u0131n y\u00fczey gerilimini azalt\u0131r, kaplaman\u0131n alt tabakan\u0131n daha iyi \u0131slanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar, b\u00f6ylece \u0131slatma amac\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci olarak, s\u0131v\u0131 \u0131slatma performans\u0131 nedir?<\/strong>
\nIslatma performans\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 maddelerin kat\u0131 maddelere olan yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Performans\u0131n ana bi\u00e7imleri \u015funlard\u0131r: a, \u0131slatman\u0131n kat\u0131 y\u00fczeyinde; b, yay\u0131lman\u0131n kat\u0131 y\u00fczeyinde; c, penetrasyonun kat\u0131 y\u00fczeyinde.
\nBasit\u00e7e s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n iyi \u0131slatma \u00f6zelliklerinin kat\u0131 y\u00fczeye yay\u0131lmas\u0131 kolayd\u0131r, bo\u015flu\u011fun kat\u0131 y\u00fczeyine n\u00fcfuz etmesi kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, i\u00e7sel fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn s\u0131v\u0131 \u0131slatma performans\u0131n\u0131n etkisi<\/strong>
\nIslatma performans\u0131 g\u00f6receli bir ifade bi\u00e7imidir, yani s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n ve kat\u0131n\u0131n kendi \u00f6zellikleridir, bunlardan en \u00f6nemlisi s\u0131v\u0131 ve kat\u0131 y\u00fczey geriliminin g\u00f6receli boyutudur. S\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczey gerilimi ne kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse, kat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczey gerilimi o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131 \u00fczerindeki \u0131slatma performans\u0131 o kadar iyi olur, s\u0131v\u0131 kat\u0131 y\u00fczeye iyi yay\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, s\u0131v\u0131 \u0131slatma kabiliyetinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong>
\nS\u0131v\u0131 \u0131slatma kabiliyetinin boyutu, s\u0131v\u0131y\u0131 kat\u0131 y\u00fczeye yaymak, \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in \u03b8 temas a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumu i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Temas a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u03b8 ne kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olursa, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131 \u00fczerindeki \u0131slatma performans\u0131 o kadar iyi olur, \u03b8 s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fittir, en iyi \u0131slatma performans\u0131. Burada \u03b8 = 90 \u00b0 \u00f6nemli bir parametredir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u03b8 90 \u00b0, s\u0131v\u0131 art\u0131k kat\u0131 y\u00fczey kendili\u011finden yay\u0131lan \u0131slatma olamaz.
\nTemas a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl ile hesaplanabilir: cos\u03b8= (\u03b3s-\u03b3sl)\/\u03b3l
\nNerede?
\n\u03b3s kat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczey gerilimidir.
\n\u03b3l s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczey gerilimidir.
\n\u03b3sl s\u0131v\u0131 ve kat\u0131 y\u00fczeyler aras\u0131ndaki aray\u00fczey gerilimidir. \u03b3sl, \u03b3s ve \u03b3l'ye g\u00f6re \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ve bazen hesaplamalarda g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilebilir.
\nIslatma performans\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in temas a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u03b8'ya ek olarak, yay\u0131lma katsay\u0131s\u0131 da \u0131slatma kapasitesinin boyutunu belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Belirli bir s\u0131v\u0131 hacmi i\u00e7in fiziksel \u00f6nemi, cm2\/g olarak ifade edilen kat\u0131 y\u00fczey \u0131slatma alan\u0131nda olabilir. S\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n \u0131slatma performans\u0131 ne kadar iyi olursa, \u0131slatma alan\u0131 da o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olur. Yay\u0131lma katsay\u0131s\u0131 S ile ifade edilir, form\u00fcl \u015f\u00f6yledir: S = \u03b3s - \u03b3sl - \u03b3l; S s\u0131f\u0131rdan b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funda, s\u0131v\u0131 kat\u0131 y\u00fczey \u0131slatmas\u0131nda kendili\u011finden olabilir.<\/p>\n

V. Islatma kabiliyetini etkileyen fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong>
\n1, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n ve \u0131slat\u0131lan kat\u0131n\u0131n kimyasal yap\u0131s\u0131 ve bile\u015fimi. Temel olarak y\u00fczey geriliminin boyutunu etkiler ve \u0131slatma kabiliyetini etkiler.
\n2, kat\u0131 y\u00fczeyin p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fck derecesi. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u03b8 90 \u00b0, y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc artar temas a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcr ve \u0131slanmas\u0131 zorla\u015f\u0131r.
\n3, kat\u0131 y\u00fczeylerin kirlenme derecesi. Kat\u0131 y\u00fczey kirlili\u011fi genellikle \u0131slanmaya elveri\u015fli de\u011fildir. Bu y\u00fczden kaplama \u00f6ncesinde y\u00fczey dekontamine edilmelidir.
\n4, y\u00fczey aktif madde. S\u0131v\u0131ya y\u00fczey aktif maddeler eklemek y\u00fczey gerilimini etkili bir \u015fekilde azaltabilir ve \u0131slanmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rabilir.
\n5\u3001S\u0131cakl\u0131k, malzemenin y\u00fczey gerilimi \u00fczerinde do\u011frudan bir etkiye sahiptir ve pratik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Alt\u0131nc\u0131 olarak, teorinin uygulanmas\u0131<\/strong>
\nYukar\u0131daki temel teoriden, kaplaman\u0131n alt tabaka \u00fczerinde \u0131slatma etkisi yarat\u0131p yaratamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kaplaman\u0131n y\u00fczey gerilimine ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131labilir. Kaplaman\u0131n y\u00fczey gerilimi kat\u0131 alt tabakan\u0131n y\u00fczey gerilimine e\u015fit veya daha az oldu\u011funda, kat\u0131 y\u00fczey \u00fczerinde iyi yay\u0131lacakt\u0131r.
\nIn practice, there is also a measure of the choice of wetting agent, and formulators often compare CHLUMIWE 3280 Wetting Agent<\/a> ve CHLUMIWE 3071 Wetting Agent<\/a> when they need to reduce coating surface tension and improve substrate wetting.<\/p>\n

VII. Yayg\u0131n Maddelerin Y\u00fczey Gerilimi Tablosu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
malzeme<\/td>\ny\u00fczey gerilimi[mN\/m{dyn\/cm}]<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Su<\/td>\n72.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Glikol<\/td>\n48.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
o-Ksilen<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Etilen glikol monoetil eter asetat<\/td>\n28.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
n-B\u00fctil asetat<\/td>\n25.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rosin<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
n-B\u00fctanol<\/td>\n24.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Metil izob\u00fctil keton<\/td>\n23.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Metil etil keton<\/td>\n24.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Melamin re\u00e7ine (HMMM tipi)<\/td>\n58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Epoksi re\u00e7ine (Epikote 828)<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Metil polimetil akrilat<\/td>\n41<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65% Soya Ya\u011f\u0131 Ya\u011f Asidi Alkid Re\u00e7ine<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ya\u011fs\u0131z alkid re\u00e7ine<\/td>\n47<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Modaflow tesviye maddesi<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Teneke (kaplamas\u0131z\/kaplamal\u0131)<\/td>\n35~45<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fosfat \u0130\u015flemli \u00c7elik<\/td>\n40~45<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Al\u00fcminyum<\/td>\n37~45<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Alkid re\u00e7ine astar<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cam<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Polimer<\/td>\nYc(\u8fbe\u56e0<\/span>\/<\/span>cm<\/span>)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00dcre-formaldehit re\u00e7inesi<\/td>\n61<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sel\u00fcloz<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Poliakrilonitril<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polietilen Oksit<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polietilen Tereftalat<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Naylon 66<\/td>\n42.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Naylon 6<\/td>\n42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polis\u00fclfon<\/td>\n41<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polimetilmetakrilat<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Poliviniliden Klor\u00fcr<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polivinil Klor\u00fcr<\/td>\n39<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polivinil Alkol Asetal<\/td>\n38<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kloros\u00fclfonatl\u0131 Polietilen<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polivinil Asetat<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polivinil Alkol<\/td>\n37<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polistiren<\/td>\n32.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Naylon 1010<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polib\u00fctadien (cis)<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polietilen<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Poli\u00fcretan<\/td>\n29<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polivinil klor\u00fcr<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polivinil Butiral<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Butil Kau\u00e7uk<\/td>\n27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Poliviniliden Klor\u00fcr<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polidimetilsiloksan<\/td>\n24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polifloroetilen<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Silikon Kau\u00e7uk<\/td>\n22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Politetrafloroetilen<\/td>\n18.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Perfloropropilen<\/td>\n16.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Perflorooktil metakrilat<\/td>\n10.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

A practical selection checklist for wetting, leveling, and defoaming additives<\/h2>\n

Additive selection is usually most effective when the team defines the defect first and then screens compatibility, dosage range, and process stage. That is often much more reliable than choosing only by chemistry family or by a single dramatic lab result.<\/p>\n