{"id":4434,"date":"2021-03-10T13:45:50","date_gmt":"2021-03-10T13:45:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/?p=4434"},"modified":"2024-09-28T11:54:34","modified_gmt":"2024-09-28T11:54:34","slug":"summary-of-different-glycoside-hydrolase-reactions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/tr\/summary-of-different-glycoside-hydrolase-reactions\/","title":{"rendered":"Farkl\u0131 glikozit hidrolaz reaksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zeti"},"content":{"rendered":"
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, glikozit hidrolazlar \u00e7e\u015fitli aktif glikozitlerin ve aglikonlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar aras\u0131nda, oksiglikozitlerdeki saponin ve flavonoid glikozitlerin enzimatik olarak haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 en kapsaml\u0131 olan\u0131d\u0131r. Bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, glikozit hidrolaz, aktif glikozitlerin ve aglikonlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok sevindirici sonu\u00e7 elde etmi\u015ftir.<\/h5>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

1. Flavonoid glikozitlerin biyotransformasyonu<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Flavonoidler, bitkilerde yayg\u0131n olarak bulunan ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla glikozit formunda olan polifenollerdir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar, biyolojik aktiviteye sahip flavonoidlerin yenilebilir bitkilerdeki en \u00f6nemli aktif bile\u015fenler oldu\u011funu ve karaci\u011fer korumas\u0131, anti-oksidasyon, anti-t\u00fcm\u00f6r ve anti-vir\u00fcs gibi bir\u00e7ok farmakolojik aktiviteye sahip oldu\u011funu ve aktivitelerinin yap\u0131 ile yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Flavonoid glikozitlerin \u00e7o\u011funun ince ba\u011f\u0131rsak duvar\u0131ndan kana ge\u00e7mesi zor oldu\u011fundan ve biyoyararlan\u0131mlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fundan, do\u011fal flavonoidlerin yap\u0131sal modifikasyonu mevcut ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda s\u0131cak bir nokta haline gelmi\u015ftir. Flavonoid glikozitlerin glikozil gruplar\u0131n\u0131 hidrolize etmek i\u00e7in glikozit hidrolaz kullan\u0131m\u0131, flavonoidlerin aktivitesini iyile\u015ftirmenin etkili bir yolu haline gelmi\u015ftir (Tablo 1). Yayg\u0131n flavonoid glikozitler rutin, hesperidin ve naringini i\u00e7erir ve \u015feker k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 genellikle rutin (\u03b1-1,6 ba\u011fl\u0131 ramnoz ve glukoz) ve yeni hesperozdur (\u03b1-1,2 Ba\u011fl\u0131 ramnoz ve glukoz), bu nedenle glikozit hidrolaz modifikasyonunu hidrolize eder esas olarak iki t\u00fcr ekzo ve endo-eksizyon i\u00e7erir. Aspergillus niger ve Aspergillus nidulans'tan, \u03b1-1,2 ve \u03b1-1,6 ramnosid ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 hidrolize edebilen \u03b1-rhamnosidaz izole edilmi\u015f ve safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu enzim rutin, naringin ve hesperidini hidrolize edebilir, s\u0131ras\u0131yla izoquercetin, plumoside ve hesperetin glukozid \u00fcretebilir. Aspergillus aculeatus ve Clostridium stercorarium'dan klonlanan rekombinant \u03b1-rhamnosidaz da flavonoid glikozitlerdeki ramnozu hidrolize etme aktivitesine sahiptir. Yukar\u0131daki \u00fc\u00e7 flavonoid glikozitin hidrolizi i\u00e7in, ekzoglikozidazlara ek olarak, endoglikozidazlar da \u00e7ok say\u0131da ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporuna sahiptir. Penicillium rugulosum, Penicillium decumben[ ve Fagopyri herba'dan izole edilen ve safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan diglikozidaz\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Aspergillus niger'den klonlanan rekombinant rutinaz, daha iyi antioksidan aktiviteye sahip kuersetin \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in rutini hidrolize edebilir. Naringinaz, naringin \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in naringini hidrolize edebilen Aspergillus niger BCC 25166'dan izole edilebilir ve safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. Aspergillus niger 1344'teki naringinaz, s\u0131ras\u0131yla naringin \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in naringin ve rutini ayn\u0131 anda hidrolize edebilir. Yuan ve kuersetin, ancak hesperidin hidrolize edilemez. Acremonium sp. DSM24697 ve Actinoplanes missouriensis'teki diglikozidaz, hesperidindeki yeni hesperidini hidrolize ederek olduk\u00e7a aktif hesperetin \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u00fcretebilir.<\/h5>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Tablo 1. Flavonoid glikozitlerin glikozidaz ile biyotransformasyonu<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00dcr\u00fcn<\/td>\r\nSubstrat<\/td>\r\nReaksiyon<\/td>\r\nOrganizma<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Isoquercitrin, Prunin,<\/td>\r\nRutin, Naringin,<\/td>\r\n\u03b1-Rhamnosidaz<\/td>\r\nAspergillus niger<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Hesperetin glukozid<\/td>\r\nHesperidin<\/td>\r\n\u03b1-Rhamnosidaz<\/td>\r\nAspergillus nidulans<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/td>\r\n\u03b1-Rhamnosidaz<\/td>\r\nAspergillus aculeatus<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/td>\r\n\u03b1-Rhamnosidaz<\/td>\r\nClostridium stercorarium<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Quercetin<\/td>\r\nRutin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Rutinosidaz<\/td>\r\nPenicillium rugulosum<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Quercetin<\/td>\r\nRutin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glikozidaz<\/td>\r\nPenicillium decumbens<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Quercetin<\/td>\r\nRutin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Heterodisakkaridaz<\/td>\r\nFagopyri herba<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Quercetin<\/td>\r\nRutin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Rutinosidaz<\/td>\r\nAspergillus niger<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Naringenin<\/td>\r\nNaringin<\/td>\r\nNaringinaz<\/td>\r\nAspergillus niger<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Naringenin, Quercetin<\/td>\r\nNaringin, Rutin<\/td>\r\nNaringinaz<\/td>\r\nAspergillus niger<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Hesperetin<\/td>\r\nHesperidin<\/td>\r\nDiglikozidaz<\/td>\r\nAcremonium<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Hesperetin<\/td>\r\nHesperidin<\/td>\r\nDiglikozidaz<\/td>\r\nActinoplanes missouriensis<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Daidzein<\/td>\r\nDaidzin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nK\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc yap\u0131lamayan mikroplar<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Daidzein<\/td>\r\nDaidzin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nSulfolobus solfataricus<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Daidzein<\/td>\r\nDaidzin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nAspergillus oryzae<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Daidzein<\/td>\r\nDaidzin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nPyrococcus furiosus<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Daidzein, Genistein<\/td>\r\nDaidzin, Genistin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nBacillus subtilis<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nThermotoga maritima<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Daidzein, Genistein,<\/td>\r\nDaidzin, Genistin,<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nDalbergia<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Glycitein<\/td>\r\nGlycitin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nBacteroides thetaiotaomicron<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Baicalein<\/td>\r\nBaicalin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukuronidaz<\/td>\r\nScutellaria viscidula<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Tilianin<\/td>\r\nLinarin<\/td>\r\nNaringinaz<\/td>\r\nPenicillium decumbens<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Butin<\/td>\r\nButrin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nBadem<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Phloretin<\/td>\r\nPhlorizin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glikozidaz<\/td>\r\nKoyun ince ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0130zoflavonlar, \u00e7o\u011funlukla baklagillerde bulunan, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesine ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunan bir t\u00fcr flavonoiddir. Soya izoflavonlar\u0131n\u0131n ana bile\u015fenleri daidzein, daidzein, genistin, genistein, glycitein ve glycitein aglikon olup, bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda deglikozile aglikon daha iyi biyolojik aktiviteye sahiptir. Daidzein \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in daidzeini hidrolize edebilen rekombinant \u03b2-glukozidaz, mangrov topra\u011f\u0131, Sulfolobus solfataricus, Aspergillus oryzae ve Pyrococcus furiosus gen k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinden klonlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; Thermotoga maritima ve Bacillus subtilis Enzimlerinden klonlanan rekombinant \u03b2-glukozidaz, daidzein ve genistein \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in daidzein ve genisteini hidrolize edebilir; Dalbergia'dan izole edilen ve safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ve Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron'dan klonlanan ve rekombine edilen glikozidaz, daidzein, genistin ve daidzeini hidrolize ederek daidzein, Genistein ve glisitin aglikon \u00fcretebilir.<\/h5>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Glikozit hidrolaz ayr\u0131ca di\u011fer flavonoid glikozit hidrolizinde de rapor edilmi\u015f ve uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Tablo 1). \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar baicalinin anti-t\u00fcm\u00f6r ve anti-enfeksiyon etkilerine sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Scutellaria viscidula Bge'den izole edilen ve safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u03b2-glukozidaz, baicalein \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in baicalini hidrolize edebilir. Glikozillenmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcn olan baicalein daha iyi farmakolojik aktiviteye sahiptir. Serimarin de antihipertansif ve sedatif aktiviteleri olan nadir bir flavonoid glikozittir, ancak do\u011frudan ekstraksiyon ve kimyasal sentez yoluyla elde edilmesi zordur. Cui ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 serimarin \u00fcretmek \u00fczere montanosiddeki ramnozu hidrolize etmek i\u00e7in naringinaz kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, Jassbi ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 butrin \u00fcretmek \u00fczere butrini hidrolize etmek i\u00e7in \u03b2-glukozidaz kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Antioksidan deneylerinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, glikozillenmi\u015f butrinin butrinden daha iyi aktiviteye sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Koyunlar\u0131n ince ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131ndan izole edilen ve safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan Day ve di\u011fer glikozidazlar, phloretin \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in phlorizin'i hidrolize edebilir.<\/h5>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

2. Di\u011fer oksiglikozitlerin biyotransformasyonu<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Saponinler ve flavonoid glikozitlere ek olarak, glikozit hidrolazlar da di\u011fer oksijen glikozitleri hidrolize etmek ve de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Tablo 2). Gardenya meyvesi kardiyovask\u00fcler, serebrovask\u00fcler, karaci\u011fer ve safra kesesi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tedavi etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan geleneksel bir \u00c7in ilac\u0131d\u0131r. Gardenya meyvelerinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da geniposid vard\u0131r, ancak etkili bile\u015fen geniposidin deglikosile \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan geniposiddir ve i\u00e7eri\u011fi 0.01%'den azd\u0131r. Penicillium nigricans ve Aspergillus niger'den izole edilen ve safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u03b2-glukozidaz, b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda genipin talebini kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere genipin haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in geniposide d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Arctium lappa, kronik b\u00f6brek yetmezli\u011fini \u00f6nleme veya tedavi etme etkilerine sahiptir ve etkili bile\u015fenleri arctiin ve arctigenin'dir. Grifola frondosa ve Rhizoctonia solani'deki \u03b2-glukozidaz, dulavratotunu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek arctigenin \u00fcretebilir. Liu ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, dulavratotu aglikon \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc elde etmek \u00fczere dulavratotu meyvesini tamamen hidrolize etmek i\u00e7in ticari \u03b2-glukozidaz kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Arctiin'in arctigenin'e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi biyoyararlan\u0131m\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde art\u0131rabilir. Resveratrol, t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri ve aterosklerozu \u00f6nleme i\u015flevlerine sahiptir. Aspergillus oryzae sp. 100 ve Lactobacillus kimchi'den izole edilen ve safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u03b2-glukozidaz ve Mai ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan mangrov topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n metagenomiklerinden klonlanan rekombinant \u03b2-glukozidaz, resveratrol \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in polidatini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir. Paklitaksel, Taxus chinensis bitkisinin ikincil bir metabolitidir ve yumurtal\u0131k kanseri ve meme kanseri \u00fczerinde iyi bir terap\u00f6tik etkiye sahiptir. Taxus chinensis'teki paklitakselin kuru a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sadece 0.02%'dir ve at\u0131k olarak at\u0131lan 7-ksiloz-10-deasetilpaklitaksel i\u00e7eri\u011fi paklitakselin 10 kat\u0131ndan fazlad\u0131r. Dou ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, Cellulosimicrobium cellulans strain F16 taraf\u0131ndan salg\u0131lanan h\u00fccre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ksilosidaz\u0131 kullanarak 7-ksiloz-10-deasetilpaklitaksel'i 10-deasetilpaklitaksel'e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve ard\u0131ndan tek a\u015famal\u0131 bir asilasyon reaksiyonuyla paklitaksel elde etmi\u015ftir.<\/h5>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Tablo 2. Di\u011fer O-glikozitlerin glikozidaz ile biyotransformasyonu<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00dcr\u00fcn<\/td>\r\nSubstrat<\/td>\r\nReaksiyon<\/td>\r\nOrganizma<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Genipin<\/td>\r\nGeniposid<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nPenicillium<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>nigricans<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Genipin<\/td>\r\nGeniposid<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nAspergillus<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>N\u0130JER<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Arctigenin<\/td>\r\nArctiin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nGrifola<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>frondosa<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Arctigenin<\/td>\r\nArctiin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nRhizoctonia<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>solani<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Arctigenin<\/td>\r\nArctiin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nTicari<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Resveratrol<\/td>\r\nPolidatin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nAspergillus<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>oryzae<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Resveratrol<\/td>\r\nPolidatin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nLactobacillus<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>kimchi<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Resveratrol<\/td>\r\nPolidatin<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Glukozidaz<\/td>\r\nK\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc yap\u0131lamayan mikroplar<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
10-Deasetilpaklitaksel<\/td>\r\n7-Xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel<\/td>\r\n\u03b2-Ksilosidaz<\/td>\r\nCellulosimicrobium<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>selulan<\/em>s<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

3. Karbon glikozitlerin ve tiyoglikozitlerin biyotransformasyonu<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Oksiglikozitlere ek olarak, glikozit hidrolazlar karbon glikozitlerin ve tiyoglikozitlerin hidroliz modifikasyonu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (Tablo 3). Karbon glikozitler, aglikon fenolik hidroksil grubu taraf\u0131ndan aktive edilen orto- veya para-pozisyon hidrojenin \u015feker gruplar\u0131 ile dehidrasyon kondenzasyonu sonucu olu\u015fur. Karbosid flavonoidler anti-enflamatuar, anti-bakteriyel, anti-t\u00fcm\u00f6r, kan \u015fekerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rma gibi bir\u00e7ok aktiviteye sahiptir. Oksozit flavonoidlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, karbosit flavonoidler daha y\u00fcksek stabiliteye sahiptir ve tamamen emilebilir ve potansiyel ila\u00e7 molek\u00fclleri haline gelebilir. Karbon glikozidik ba\u011flar\u0131n hidrolize edilmesi zor oldu\u011fundan, karbon glikozid flavonoidlerin hidrolizi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az rapor bulunmaktad\u0131r. Sanugul ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, mangiferin ind\u00fcksiyonu alt\u0131nda bir glikozidaz salg\u0131layan ve daha iyi aktiviteye sahip mangiferin \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in mangiferindeki karbon glikozidik ba\u011flar\u0131 hidrolize edebilen insan d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 bakterilerinin bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan bir bakteri izole etmi\u015ftir. Nakamura ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, aglikon \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in puerarini hidrolize eden bir karboglikozidaz\u0131 izole edip safla\u015ft\u0131rabilen PUE su\u015funu insan ba\u011f\u0131rsak bakterilerinden izole etmi\u015ftir. Karboglikozidaz kodlayan genlerle ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Braune ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, Eubacterium cellulosolvens'deki protein kodlayan genler dfgA, dfgB, dfgC, dfgD ve dfgE'nin, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen aglikonlar\u0131 \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in izoorientini hidrolize edebilen karboglikozidazlar\u0131 birlikte ifade etti\u011fini bulmu\u015ftur.<\/h5>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Glukozinolatlar, hardal, brokoli, sar\u0131msak ve benzeri gibi turpgillerden bitkilerde yayg\u0131n olarak bulunan \u00f6nemli bir glukozinolat bile\u015fikleri s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar, turpgillerden bitkilerin t\u00fcketilmesinin meme kanseri, akci\u011fer kanseri, kolon kanseri ve di\u011fer kanserleri etkili bir \u015fekilde \u00f6nleyebilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Ana aktif bile\u015fen, glukozinolat bozunmas\u0131ndan sonra \u00fcretilen izotiyosiyanatt\u0131r. Myrosinaz olarak da bilinen glukozidaz, esas olarak turpgil bitkilerinde bulunur, ancak glukozinolatlardan farkl\u0131 bir konumda da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sadece h\u00fccreler par\u00e7aland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve reaksiyona girer. Endojen mirosinaz\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck i\u00e7eri\u011fi nedeniyle, aktif \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in glukozinolatlar\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde hidrolize etmek zordur. S\u00fclforafan, farmakolojik aktiviteye sahip bir izotiyosiyanatt\u0131r. Shen ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 glukorafanini ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde s\u00fclforafana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in eksojen mirosinaz kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eu anda, karbon glikozitlerin ve tiyoglikozitlerin hidrolitik modifikasyonu \u00fczerine \u00e7ok az \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bulunmaktad\u0131r. Gelecekte, daha fazla karbon glikozit ve tiyoglikozitin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve yap\u0131sal modifikasyonu, ila\u00e7 geli\u015ftirme i\u00e7in daha fazla aday molek\u00fcl sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/h5>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Tablo 3. C-glikozitlerin ve S-glikozitlerin glikozidaz ile biyotransformasyonu.<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00dcr\u00fcn<\/td>\r\nSubstrat<\/td>\r\nReaksiyon<\/td>\r\nOrganizma<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Norathyriol<\/td>\r\nMangiferin<\/td>\r\nC-glukozil par\u00e7alay\u0131c\u0131 enzim<\/td>\r\nBacteroides<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Daidzein<\/td>\r\nPuerarin<\/td>\r\nC-glukozil par\u00e7alay\u0131c\u0131 enzim<\/td>\r\n\u0130nsan<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>BA\u011eIRSAK<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>bakteri<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Luteolin<\/td>\r\nHomoorientin<\/td>\r\nC-glukozil par\u00e7alay\u0131c\u0131 enzim<\/td>\r\nEubacterium<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>cellulosolvens<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
S\u00fclforafan<\/td>\r\nGlukorafanin<\/td>\r\nMyrosinaz<\/td>\r\nBrokoli tohumlar\u0131<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u015eimdi Bize Ula\u015f\u0131n!<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\r\n

Fiyata ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa, l\u00fctfen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki forma ileti\u015fim bilgilerinizi doldurun, genellikle 24 saat i\u00e7inde sizinle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ece\u011fiz. Bana e-posta da g\u00f6nderebilirsiniz\u00a0info@longchangchemical.com<\/a><\/span>\u00a0\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri i\u00e7inde (8:30 - 6:00 UTC+8 Pzt.~Sat.) veya h\u0131zl\u0131 yan\u0131t almak i\u00e7in web sitesi canl\u0131 sohbetini kullan\u0131n.<\/b><\/strong><\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Bile\u015fik Glukoamilaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9032-08-0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Pullulanase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9075-68-7<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ksilanaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n37278-89-0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Sel\u00fclaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9012-54-8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Naringinaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9068-31-9<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u03b2-Amilaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9000-91-3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Glikoz oksidaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9001-37-0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Alfa-Amilaz<\/td>\r\n9000-90-2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Pektinaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9032-75-1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Peroksidaz<\/td>\r\n9003-99-0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Lipaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9001-62-1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Katalaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9001-05-2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
TANNASE<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9025-71-2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Elastaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n39445-21-1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Urease<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9002-13-5<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
DEXTRANASE<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9025-70-1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
L-Laktik dehidrojenaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9001-60-9<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Dehidrojenaz malat<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9001-64-3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Kolesterol oksidaz<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n9028-76-6<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, glikozit hidrolazlar \u00e7e\u015fitli aktif glikozitlerin ve aglikonlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar aras\u0131nda, oksiglikozitlerdeki saponin ve flavonoid glikozitlerin enzimatik olarak haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 en kapsaml\u0131 olan\u0131d\u0131r. Bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren \u00e7abalar\u0131ndan sonra, glikozit hidrolaz aktif [...] haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok sevindirici sonu\u00e7 elde etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-enzyme-news"],"yoast_head":"\nSummary of different glycoside hydrolase reactions - Longchang Chemical Co., Ltd.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/tr\/summary-of-different-glycoside-hydrolase-reactions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Summary of different glycoside hydrolase reactions - Longchang Chemical Co., Ltd.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"At present, glycoside hydrolases are used in the study of the preparation of a variety of active glycosides and aglycons. 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Among them, the enzymatic preparation of saponin and flavonoid glycosides in oxyglycosides is the most extensive. 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