{"id":8157,"date":"2025-03-24T10:45:48","date_gmt":"2025-03-24T10:45:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/?p=8157"},"modified":"2026-04-28T10:42:52","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T10:42:52","slug":"uv-etching-ink-raw-materials","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/uv-etching-ink-raw-materials\/","title":{"rendered":"Mat\u00e9rias-primas para tintas de grava\u00e7\u00e3o UV - Fotoiniciador"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Os circuitos de cobre na placa de circuito impresso s\u00e3o formados pela grava\u00e7\u00e3o da folha de cobre no laminado revestido de cobre com cloreto f\u00e9rrico ou cloreto de cobre. Portanto, as partes do circuito que n\u00e3o devem ser gravadas devem ser protegidas com uma resist\u00eancia. Na serigrafia, \u00e9 usada uma tinta de resist\u00eancia, que \u00e9 de secagem autom\u00e1tica ou de cura por luz, dependendo do m\u00e9todo de cura. A tinta de resist\u00eancia \u00e9 impressa por meio de uma tela com um padr\u00e3o de resist\u00eancia e curada no laminado revestido de cobre para formar uma pel\u00edcula protetora de resist\u00eancia. Depois que a placa revestida de cobre \u00e9 gravada (e, \u00e0s vezes, galvanizada) para formar circuitos de cobre, o filme \u00e9 removido com uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o alcalina dilu\u00edda, e o filme de resist\u00eancia n\u00e3o permanece na placa de circuito impresso, expondo os circuitos de cobre. Portanto, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio que a tinta de resist\u00eancia tenha boa ades\u00e3o \u00e0 folha de cobre met\u00e1lico, seja resistente \u00e0 corros\u00e3o e \u00e0 galvanoplastia e seja completamente removida por uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o alcalina dilu\u00edda.<\/p>\n<p>As tintas resistentes a UV geralmente usam resinas acr\u00edlicas ep\u00f3xi modificadas com anidrido, resinas acr\u00edlicas de poli\u00e9ster de alta acidez ou resinas de anidrido maleico modificadas como resina principal, juntamente com mon\u00f4meros funcionais de acrilato; os fotoiniciadores normalmente usados s\u00e3o 651 ou fotoiniciadores de sulfinona, como 2-etilsulfoquinona; os pigmentos s\u00e3o principalmente azul de ftalocianina. Para melhorar a tixotropia da tinta, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio adicionar uma certa quantidade de s\u00edlica pirog\u00eanica. Em particular, deve-se observar que a resina fotossens\u00edvel sol\u00favel em \u00e1lcali contendo uma certa quantidade de grupos carboxila deve ser capaz de resistir \u00e0 corros\u00e3o e \u00e0 galvanoplastia ap\u00f3s a cura e a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de um filme por reticula\u00e7\u00e3o, e tamb\u00e9m deve ser sol\u00favel em uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o de hidr\u00f3xido de s\u00f3dio 3% para remo\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>As tintas cur\u00e1veis por UV e os fotoiniciadores t\u00eam uma<b> altamente dependente e sin\u00e9rgico<\/b> rela\u00e7\u00e3o. Os fotoiniciadores s\u00e3o o componente principal das tintas cur\u00e1veis por UV para cura r\u00e1pida, e o desempenho da tinta (como velocidade de cura, ades\u00e3o, resist\u00eancia qu\u00edmica etc.) \u00e9 diretamente afetado pelo tipo, pela concentra\u00e7\u00e3o e pela compatibilidade do fotoiniciador. A seguir, apresentamos uma liga\u00e7\u00e3o espec\u00edfica e um mecanismo de a\u00e7\u00e3o entre os dois:<\/p>\n<h3><strong>1. Os fotoiniciadores s\u00e3o o \"gatilho\" para a cura da tinta UV<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><!-- lc-qa-start --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Quick answer:<\/strong> In most UV systems, photoinitiators are selected by balancing wavelength fit, through-cure, color control, and line speed. Buyers usually compare a blended package instead of one isolated product.<\/p>\n<p><!-- lc-qa-end --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Fun\u00e7\u00e3o principal<\/b>:<\/li>\n<li>Depois de absorver a energia ultravioleta (UV), o fotoiniciador produz radicais livres ativos ou c\u00e1tions, que desencadeiam a rea\u00e7\u00e3o de polimeriza\u00e7\u00e3o da resina (por exemplo, acrilato, resina ep\u00f3xi) e do mon\u00f4mero na tinta, fazendo com que a tinta l\u00edquida se ligue instantaneamente e cure em um filme s\u00f3lido.<\/li>\n<li><b>Sem um fotoiniciador<\/b>A tinta UV n\u00e3o pode ser curada pela luz, e a fun\u00e7\u00e3o anticorrosiva n\u00e3o pode ser obtida.<\/li>\n<li><b>Papel fundamental<\/b>:\n<ul>\n<li><b>Absor\u00e7\u00e3o de energia luminosa<\/b>: O iniciador precisa corresponder ao espectro de emiss\u00e3o da fonte de luz UV (por exemplo, l\u00e2mpada de merc\u00fario, LED) (por exemplo, um LED de 395 nm precisa corresponder a um iniciador com um comprimento de onda de absor\u00e7\u00e3o de 395-405 nm).<\/li>\n<li><b>Transfer\u00eancia de energia<\/b>: A energia da luz absorvida \u00e9 convertida em energia qu\u00edmica para acionar a reticula\u00e7\u00e3o da resina.<\/li>\n<li><b>Superando a inibi\u00e7\u00e3o por oxig\u00eanio<\/b>: Alguns iniciadores (por exemplo, benzofenona + amina que elimina o hidrog\u00eanio) podem reduzir o efeito inibit\u00f3rio do oxig\u00eanio na rea\u00e7\u00e3o de cura.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>2. O tipo de fotoiniciador determina as caracter\u00edsticas de cura da tinta<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>(1) Combinar o tipo de iniciador com a resina de tinta<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Iniciadores radicais<\/b> (por exemplo, TPO, Irgacure 907):\n<ul>\n<li>Adequado para<b> resina de acrilato<\/b> velocidade de cura r\u00e1pida, mas pode ser inibida pelo oxig\u00eanio.<\/li>\n<li>Comumente usado em tintas de m\u00e1scara de solda para PCB e cen\u00e1rios com altos requisitos de cura de superf\u00edcie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Iniciadores cati\u00f4nicos<\/b> (por exemplo, sais de tiuram):\n<ul>\n<li>s\u00e3o adequados para<b> resina ep\u00f3xi<\/b> sistemas. A cura \u00e9 menos afetada pelo oxig\u00eanio e \u00e9 adequada para cura profunda.<\/li>\n<li>Eles s\u00e3o usados principalmente em tintas que exigem resist\u00eancia a altas temperaturas ou melhor resist\u00eancia qu\u00edmica (como alguns materiais de embalagem).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>(2) Os iniciadores afetam o desempenho das tintas<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Profundidade de cura<\/b>: Os iniciadores de cura profunda, como o \u00f3xido de bis-acil fosfina (BAPO), podem garantir a cura interna completa de filmes espessos ou de tintas de alta reflet\u00e2ncia (como as brancas).<\/li>\n<li><b>Tend\u00eancia ao amarelamento<\/b>: Alguns iniciadores (como o ITX) podem se decompor ap\u00f3s a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 luz para produzir crom\u00f3foros, fazendo com que a tinta mude de cor. Devem ser selecionados tipos de baixo amarelamento (como o Irgacure 819).<\/li>\n<li><b>Migra\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/b> As tintas para embalagens de alimentos ou para uso m\u00e9dico exigem o uso de iniciadores de baixa migra\u00e7\u00e3o (como o TPO-L) para evitar que os iniciadores residuais sejam lixiviados e contaminados.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>3. Otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o sin\u00e9rgica no design da formula\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de iniciadores:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>Se a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o for muito baixa, a cura ser\u00e1 incompleta e a resist\u00eancia ser\u00e1 ruim;<\/li>\n<li>Se a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o for muito alta, haver\u00e1 muito iniciador residual, o que pode reduzir a ades\u00e3o ou causar problemas de migra\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li><b>M\u00e9todo de otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b>: A quantidade usual de adi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 de 1-5% da massa total da tinta, e a propor\u00e7\u00e3o ideal precisa ser determinada por meio de experimentos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Estrat\u00e9gia de iniciadores mistos<\/b>:\n<ul>\n<li><b>Cura superficial + profunda<\/b>: Por exemplo, nas tintas de m\u00e1scara de solda para PCB, o TPO (cura r\u00e1pida da superf\u00edcie) e o Irgacure 819 (penetra\u00e7\u00e3o profunda) s\u00e3o usados em combina\u00e7\u00e3o para garantir a cura geral.<\/li>\n<li><b>Resposta de amplo espectro<\/b>: Combina\u00e7\u00e3o de iniciadores com diferentes comprimentos de onda de absor\u00e7\u00e3o (por exemplo, Irgacure 2959 + ITX) para se adaptar a fontes de luz com v\u00e1rios comprimentos de onda (por exemplo, l\u00e2mpadas de merc\u00fario).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Sinergia de aditivos<\/b>:\n<ul>\n<li><b>Sinergistas de amina<\/b> (por exemplo, EDAB): Melhoram a efici\u00eancia da cura de iniciadores de radicais livres no ar.<\/li>\n<li><b>Estabilizadores<\/b>: Evite a decomposi\u00e7\u00e3o prematura do iniciador durante o armazenamento da tinta.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. Problemas t\u00edpicos e relev\u00e2ncia em aplica\u00e7\u00f5es pr\u00e1ticas<\/h3>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 560.27pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"747\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 34.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 34.50pt; width: 144.75pt;\" width=\"193\" height=\"46\">Fen\u00f4menos problem\u00e1ticos<\/td>\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 175.50pt;\" width=\"234\">Rela\u00e7\u00e3o com o fotoiniciador<\/td>\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 240.00pt;\" width=\"320\">Solu\u00e7\u00f5es<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 69.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 69.00pt; width: 144.75pt;\" width=\"193\" height=\"92\">Cura incompleta<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 175.50pt;\" width=\"234\">Incompatibilidade entre o espectro de absor\u00e7\u00e3o do iniciador e a fonte de luz ou concentra\u00e7\u00e3o insuficiente<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 240.00pt;\" width=\"320\">Substitua o iniciador por um de comprimento de onda correspondente ou aumente a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 34.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 34.50pt; width: 144.75pt;\" width=\"193\" height=\"46\">Amarelamento da tinta<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 175.50pt;\" width=\"234\">Crom\u00f3foros da fot\u00f3lise do iniciador (por exemplo, ITX)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 240.00pt;\" width=\"320\">Mudar para um iniciador de baixo amarelamento (por exemplo, Irgacure 784)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 34.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 34.50pt; width: 144.75pt;\" width=\"193\" height=\"46\">Ades\u00e3o ruim<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 175.50pt;\" width=\"234\">Iniciador residual ou reticula\u00e7\u00e3o insuficiente da resina<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 240.00pt;\" width=\"320\">Otimize a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o do iniciador e adicione um agente de acoplamento de silano<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 34.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 34.50pt; width: 144.75pt;\" width=\"193\" height=\"46\">N\u00e3o curado em \u00e1reas sombreadas<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 175.50pt;\" width=\"234\">Penetra\u00e7\u00e3o insuficiente do fotoiniciador<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 240.00pt;\" width=\"320\">Adicione um iniciador de cura profunda (por exemplo, BAPO)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><!-- lc-commercial-start --><\/p>\n<h2>How formulators usually evaluate this photoinitiator topic<\/h2>\n<p>When technical buyers or formulators screen photoinitiators, the most useful decision frame is usually cure quality plus application fit: which package cures reliably, keeps appearance acceptable, and still works under the lamp, film thickness, and substrate conditions of the actual process.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Match the package to the lamp first:<\/strong> mercury lamps, UV LEDs, and visible-light systems can rank the same photoinitiators very differently.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Check depth cure and surface cure separately:<\/strong> a film that feels dry on top can still be weak underneath.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Balance yellowing with reactivity:<\/strong> the strongest deep-cure route is not always the best commercial choice if color or migration risk becomes unacceptable.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Use the final formula as the benchmark:<\/strong> pigment load, monomer package, and film thickness can all change the apparent ranking of the same initiator.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Recommended product references<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-tpo-l-cas-84434-11-7\/\">CHLUMINIT TPO-L<\/a>:<\/strong> A strong low-yellowing reference for LED-oriented UV systems.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/cas-270586-78-2\/\">CHLUMINIT TMO<\/a>:<\/strong> A valuable comparison point when lower yellowing or TPO-replacement discussions matter.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-819-irgacure-819-cas-162881-26-7\/\">CHLUMINIT 819<\/a>:<\/strong> Useful when a formulation needs stronger absorption and deeper cure support.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/irgacure-1173-cas-7473-98-5\/\">CHLUMINIT 1173<\/a>:<\/strong> A practical comparison point for classic short-wave UV initiation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>FAQ for buyers and formulators<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Why are blended photoinitiator packages so common?<\/strong><br \/>Because one product may control yellowing or lamp fit well while another improves cure depth or line-speed performance, so the full package is often stronger than any single grade.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Should incomplete cure always be solved by adding more initiator?<\/strong><br \/>Not automatically. The real limitation may be the lamp, film thickness, pigment shading, or the rest of the reactive system rather than simple under-dosage.<\/p>\n<p><!-- lc-commercial-end --><\/p>\n<h2><strong><b>Entre em contato conosco agora!<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4><strong><b>Se precisar de pre\u00e7o ou teste de amostra, preencha suas informa\u00e7\u00f5es de contato no formul\u00e1rio abaixo. Normalmente, entraremos em contato dentro de 24 horas. Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode me enviar um e-mail <a href=\"mailto:info@longchangchemical.com\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">info@longchangchemical.com<\/span><\/a>\u00a0durante o hor\u00e1rio comercial (das 8h30 \u00e0s 18h UTC+8 de segunda a s\u00e1bado) ou use o bate-papo ao vivo do site para obter uma resposta imediata.<\/b><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 435.77pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"581\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt; width: 215.25pt;\" width=\"287\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-tpo-cas-75980-60-8\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador TPO<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 220.50pt;\" width=\"294\">CAS 75980-60-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/cas-270586-78-2\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador TMO<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 270586-78-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-pd-01-cas-579-07-7\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador PD-01<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 579-07-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-pbz-cas-2128-93-0\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador PBZ<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 2128-93-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-oxe-02-cas-478556-66-0\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador OXE-02<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 478556-66-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-ombb\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador OMBB<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 606-28-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-mpbz-6012\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador MPBZ (6012)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 86428-83-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-mbp-cas-134-84-9\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador MBP<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 134-84-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-mbf-cas-15206-55-0\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador MBF<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 15206-55-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-lap-cas-85073-19-4\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador LAP<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 85073-19-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-itx-cas-5495-84-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador ITX<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 5495-84-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-emk\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador EMK<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 90-93-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-eha-cas-21245-02-3\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador EHA<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 21245-02-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-edb-cas-10287-53-3\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador EDB<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 10287-53-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-detx-cas-82799-44-8\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador DETX<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 82799-44-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-cq\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador CQ \/ canforoquinona<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 10373-78-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-cbp-cas-134-85-0\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador CBP<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 134-85-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-bp-cas-119-61-9\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador BP \/ Benzofenona<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 119-61-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-bms\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador BMS<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 83846-85-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-938\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 938<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 61358-25-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-937-cas-71786-70-4\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 937<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 71786-70-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-819-dw\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 819 DW<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 162881-26-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-819-irgacure-819-cas-162881-26-7\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 819<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 162881-26-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-784-cas-125051-32-3\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 784<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 125051-32-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-754-cas-211510-16-6-442536-99-4\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 754<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 211510-16-6 442536-99-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-6993-cas-71449-78-0\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 6993<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 71449-78-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-6976\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 6976<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 71449-78-0 89452-37-9 108-32-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-379-cas-119344-86-4\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 379<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 119344-86-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-369-cas-119313-12-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 369<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 119313-12-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\"><a style=\"color: #00ccff;\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-160\/\">Fotoiniciador 160<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td>CAS 71868-15-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-1206\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 1206<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/irgacure-1173-cas-7473-98-5\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Fotoiniciador 1173<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td>CAS 7473-98-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The copper circuits on the printed circuit board are formed by etching the copper foil on the copper-clad laminate with ferric chloride or copper chloride. 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