{"id":7120,"date":"2024-07-15T07:16:03","date_gmt":"2024-07-15T07:16:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/?p=7120"},"modified":"2026-04-28T10:42:31","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T10:42:31","slug":"nitrification-denitrification-20-questions-and-answers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/nitrification-denitrification-20-questions-and-answers\/","title":{"rendered":"Nitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o Desnitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o 20 perguntas e respostas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- lc-qa-start --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Quick answer:<\/strong> A practical sourcing decision for specialty chemicals starts with the use case first, then checks specification, compatibility, handling, and any regulatory or customer-specific requirement.<\/p>\n<p><!-- lc-qa-end --><\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 1: Qual \u00e9 a melhor rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre carbono e nitrog\u00eanio para a desnitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o na pr\u00e1tica?<\/b> <b>Est\u00e1 abaixo de 5 ou 6-8?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: Na aplica\u00e7\u00e3o pr\u00e1tica, acho que \u00e9 melhor controlar a propor\u00e7\u00e3o de carbono para nitrog\u00eanio em 6-8.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 2: A salinidade de 2% produz alguma inibi\u00e7\u00e3o de bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes, isso significa cloreto de s\u00f3dio puro?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: O cloreto de s\u00f3dio puro \u00e9 usado em laborat\u00f3rio; na aplica\u00e7\u00e3o real, pode haver uma pequena altera\u00e7\u00e3o, mas basicamente controlada em cerca de 2%, mais de 2% da atividade bacteriana ser\u00e1 mais afetada.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 3: A bact\u00e9ria que voc\u00ea introduziu \u00e9 adequada para o m\u00e9todo de lodo ativado comum ou pode ser combinada com oxida\u00e7\u00e3o por contato e leito fluidizado transportador?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: Todos eles podem ser usados. Basicamente, desde que se trate de um sistema bioqu\u00edmico, \u00e9 teoricamente poss\u00edvel aplicar cepas especiais de bact\u00e9rias para aprimoramento biol\u00f3gico.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 4: Qual \u00e9 a dosagem geral de bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes para esta\u00e7\u00f5es de tratamento de \u00e1guas residuais urbanas?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: A dosagem geralmente se refere a dois dados: um \u00e9 a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de nitrog\u00eanio amoniacal na \u00e1gua afluente; a esta\u00e7\u00e3o de tratamento de esgoto urbano geralmente est\u00e1 entre 30 e 50 mg\/l; o controle de efluentes est\u00e1 entre 5 mg\/l ou menos; o segundo \u00e9 o tempo de resid\u00eancia; a esta\u00e7\u00e3o de tratamento de esgoto urbano geralmente n\u00e3o tem muitas bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes; a dosagem \u00e9 de aproximadamente uma em 100.000; recomenda-se usar tr\u00eas vezes no est\u00e1gio inicial, o que garantir\u00e1 um efeito melhor.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 5: O que \u00e9 N-serve no inibidor de bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: \u00c9 um composto muito complexo: 2-cloro-6-(triclorometil)piridina.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 6: O que \u00e9 mais eficaz, carbonato de s\u00f3dio ou hidr\u00f3xido de s\u00f3dio, para a alcalinidade que precisa ser reposta durante a desnitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o por nitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o, e qual \u00e9 a diferen\u00e7a?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: Ser\u00e1 mais eficaz usar carbonato de s\u00f3dio, mas ser\u00e1 mais caro.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 7: At\u00e9 que ponto as bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes toleram o choque t\u00f3xico?<\/b> <b>Qual \u00e9 a carga de bact\u00e9rias desnitrificantes?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: As bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes geralmente n\u00e3o toleram muito bem o choque t\u00f3xico, pois s\u00e3o bact\u00e9rias autotr\u00f3ficas e s\u00e3o muito afetadas por mais toxicidade. \u00c9 dif\u00edcil dizer qual \u00e9 a carga das bact\u00e9rias desnitrificantes isoladamente, pois isso depende da quantidade de bact\u00e9rias na piscina.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 8: Em nossa opera\u00e7\u00e3o de AO, o pH do tanque aer\u00f3bico \u00e9 de 6,2, a DQO \u00e9 de 600 mg\/L, a am\u00f4nia \u00e9 de 140 mg\/L, qual \u00e9 o ajuste de pH adequado?<\/b> <b>\u00c9 poss\u00edvel adicionar carbonato de s\u00f3dio em um tanque aer\u00f3bico?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Resposta: O ajuste de pH de 7,0 a 7,5 geralmente \u00e9 suficiente, e n\u00e3o h\u00e1 problema em adicionar soda em flocos.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7Q9: Seu produto \u00e9 s\u00f3lido?<\/b> <b>Ele precisa ser ativado?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: As bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes s\u00e3o l\u00edquidas e as bact\u00e9rias desnitrificantes s\u00e3o s\u00f3lidas.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 10: Considerando que h\u00e1 muitos casos de \u00e1guas residuais especiais com volume de \u00e1gua limitado, gostaria de perguntar sobre o custo da prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da cepa e quanto tempo leva para que microrganismos espec\u00edficos sejam aplicados na solu\u00e7\u00e3o de problemas de engenharia, desde a prepara\u00e7\u00e3o at\u00e9 o efeito?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: De modo geral, as cepas de bact\u00e9rias podem ser preparadas em grande escala muito rapidamente. O custo de prepara\u00e7\u00e3o varia de acordo com a cepa; as cepas de bacilo ter\u00e3o um custo menor; as bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes s\u00e3o do tipo quimioautotr\u00f3fico, o custo ser\u00e1 relativamente alto; al\u00e9m disso, se for necess\u00e1rio um armazenamento especial, o custo ser\u00e1 alto.<\/p>\n<p>Normalmente, as cepas s\u00e3o introduzidas e o efeito pode ser visto em uma semana ou mais.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 11: H\u00e1 um processo de atenua\u00e7\u00e3o natural depois que as biobact\u00e9rias espec\u00edficas s\u00e3o colocadas e n\u00e3o h\u00e1 choque na \u00e1gua que entra?<\/b> <b>No caso do tratamento de \u00e1guas residuais petroqu\u00edmicas que voc\u00ea citou, o efluente primeiro diminuiu significativamente e depois houve uma flutua\u00e7\u00e3o gradual e um aumento ao longo do tempo.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: Isso est\u00e1 relacionado \u00e0 cepa bacteriana. Algumas bact\u00e9rias podem existir nesse ambiente por um longo per\u00edodo com pouca ou nenhuma atenua\u00e7\u00e3o, como as bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes. Outras bact\u00e9rias se deterioram em per\u00edodos mais longos, quando ent\u00e3o precisam ser suplementadas. Isso est\u00e1 relacionado \u00e0s caracter\u00edsticas das pr\u00f3prias cepas, pois sua introdu\u00e7\u00e3o em um sistema de lodo ativado competir\u00e1 com os microrganismos nativos.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 12: H\u00e1 algum dado sobre a taxa de nitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o, a taxa de desnitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o, ou seja, quantos gramas de nitrog\u00eanio amoniacal ou nitrato s\u00e3o degradados por um \u00fanico grama de bact\u00e9ria por hora?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: A melhor taxa de nitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser de 800 mgNH4+-N\/(L-h); a taxa de desnitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 mais dif\u00edcil de medir e ainda n\u00e3o h\u00e1 dados precisos dispon\u00edveis.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 13: Vejo que h\u00e1 muita literatura que diz que as bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes tamb\u00e9m t\u00eam exig\u00eancias quanto \u00e0 concentra\u00e7\u00e3o inicial.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: Quanto maior a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de am\u00f4nia, mais as bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes s\u00e3o inibidas, embora tenham a fun\u00e7\u00e3o de remover a am\u00f4nia.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7Pergunta 14: Seus produtos maduros podem ser adaptados a v\u00e1rias qualidades de \u00e1guas residuais e quanto tempo leva para se adaptar a diferentes qualidades de \u00e1gua?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: O agente bacteriano ter\u00e1 um curto per\u00edodo de adapta\u00e7\u00e3o para diferentes qualidades de \u00e1gua. Em geral, a bact\u00e9ria nitrificante poder\u00e1 funcionar em tr\u00eas dias, mas \u00e9 garantido que ela funcionar\u00e1 definitivamente em sete dias.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7Pergunta 15: Voc\u00ea mediu o efeito dos surfactantes nas bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes e que outros inibidores de bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes existem?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: Os surfactantes n\u00e3o foram medidos, e h\u00e1 muitos tipos de inibidores, portanto, voc\u00ea pode verificar por si mesmo.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7Q16: Al\u00e9m do acetileno, quais s\u00e3o algumas subst\u00e2ncias t\u00f3xicas comuns que afetam as bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes e as bact\u00e9rias nitroqu\u00edmicas?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: Alguns antibi\u00f3ticos comuns contra bact\u00e9rias gram-negativas e metais pesados (cobre e outros) tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o mais sens\u00edveis.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 17: Quanto tempo as bact\u00e9rias desnitrificantes permanecem na zona an\u00f3xica para obter melhores resultados?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: A quantidade de nitrato e a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de bact\u00e9rias afetar\u00e3o o tempo de perman\u00eancia; geralmente, quanto mais nitrato, o tempo de perman\u00eancia deve ser maior.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 18: Qual \u00e9 a dura\u00e7\u00e3o do ciclo de gera\u00e7\u00e3o das bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes e das bact\u00e9rias desnitrificantes?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: A bact\u00e9ria nitrificante \u00e9 uma bact\u00e9ria quimioautotr\u00f3fica, a reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 mais lenta, o ciclo de gera\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 mais longo, geralmente a reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o de uma gera\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 de 10 horas ou at\u00e9 mesmo dezenas de horas, o que tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 uma raz\u00e3o para o alto custo. As bact\u00e9rias desnitrificantes s\u00e3o uma classe grande, incluindo muitos tipos de bact\u00e9rias, que podem converter nitrato em nitrog\u00eanio, o ciclo de gera\u00e7\u00e3o ser\u00e1 mais curto, a reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o ser\u00e1 mais r\u00e1pida e, agora, comum no mercado, o ciclo de gera\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 basicamente de dezenas de minutos.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7 Pergunta 19: O refluxo volta diretamente para o tanque anaer\u00f3bico, as bact\u00e9rias desnitrificantes podem atuar plenamente?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: O fluxo de retorno para o anaer\u00f3bio certamente n\u00e3o, porque a desnitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o deve ser realizada em um ambiente an\u00f3xico.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u25b7Pergunta 20: Qual \u00e9 a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o inicial de am\u00f4nia para inibir a nitrifica\u00e7\u00e3o?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>R: Diferentes cepas de bact\u00e9rias reagem de forma diferente \u00e0 concentra\u00e7\u00e3o inicial de am\u00f4nia. Normalmente, a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de am\u00f4nia acima de 100mg\/L inibe as bact\u00e9rias nitrificantes.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 667.52pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"890\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 63.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 63pt; width: 667.5pt; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"890\" height=\"84\"><strong>Fosfonatos Antiincrustantes, inibidores de corros\u00e3o e agentes quelantes<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\"><a style=\"color: #00ccff;\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/atmp-cas-6419-19-8\/\">\u00c1cido amino trimetileno fosf\u00f4nico (ATMP)<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 6419-19-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\"><a style=\"color: #00ccff;\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/hedp-cas-2809-21-4-2\/\">\u00c1cido 1-hidroxi etilideno-1,1-difosf\u00f4nico (HEDP)<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 2809-21-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/edtmpa-solid-cas-1429-50-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Etileno diamina tetra (\u00e1cido metileno fosf\u00f4nico) EDTMPA (s\u00f3lido)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 1429-50-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/dtpmpa-cas-15827-60-8\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Dietileno Triamina Penta (\u00c1cido Metileno Fosf\u00f4nico) (DTPMPA)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 15827-60-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/pbtc-cas-37971-36-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">\u00c1cido 2-fosfonobutano -1,2,4-tricarbox\u00edlico (PBTC)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 37971-36-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/hpaa-cas-23783-26-8\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">\u00c1cido 2-hidroxi-fosfonoac\u00e9tico (HPAA)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 23783-26-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/hmdtmpa-cas-23605-74-5\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">HexaMethyleneDiamineTetra (MethylenePhosphonic Acid) HMDTMPA<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 23605-74-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">\u00c1cido poliamino poli\u00e9ter metileno fosf\u00f4nico (PAPEMP)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/bhmtpmp-cas-34690-00-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Bis(\u00c1cido hexa-metileno triamina penta (metileno fosf\u00f4nico)) BHMTPMP<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 34690-00-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/hempa-cas-5995-42-6\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">\u00c1cido hidroxietilamino-Di(metileno fosf\u00f4nico) (HEMPA)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 5995-42-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 15.75pt; width: 667.5pt; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"890\" height=\"21\"><strong>Sais de fosfonatos<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/atmp-na4-cas-20592-85-2\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Sal tetra-s\u00f3dico do \u00e1cido amino trimetileno fosf\u00f4nico (ATMP-Na4)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 20592-85-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/atmp-na5-cas-2235-43-0\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Sal pentass\u00f3dico do \u00e1cido amino trimetileno fosf\u00f4nico (ATMP-Na5)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 2235-43-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/hedp-na-cas-29329-71-3\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Monoss\u00f3dico de \u00e1cido 1-hidroxietilideno-1,1-difosf\u00f4nico (HEDP-Na)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 29329-71-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/hedp-na2-cas-7414-83-7\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">\u00a0(HEDP-Na2)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 7414-83-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal tetra-s\u00f3dico do \u00e1cido 1-hidroxietilideno-1,1-difosf\u00f4nico (HEDP-Na4)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 3794-83-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal de pot\u00e1ssio do \u00e1cido 1-hidroxi etilideno-1,1-difosf\u00f4nico (HEDP-K2)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 21089-06-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal pentass\u00f3dico de etileno diamina tetra (\u00e1cido metileno fosf\u00f4nico) (EDTMP-Na5)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 7651-99-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal hepta-s\u00f3dico do \u00e1cido dietileno triamina penta (metileno fosf\u00f4nico) (DTPMP-Na7)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 68155-78-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal de s\u00f3dio do \u00e1cido dietileno triamina penta (metileno fosf\u00f4nico) (DTPMP-Na2)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 22042-96-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">\u00c1cido 2-fosfonobutano -1,2,4-tricarbox\u00edlico, sal de s\u00f3dio (PBTC-Na4)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 40372-66-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal de pot\u00e1ssio do \u00e1cido hexa-metileno-diamina-tetra (metileno-fosf\u00f4nico) HMDTMPA-K6<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 53473-28-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal de s\u00f3dio parcialmente neutralizado do \u00e1cido bishexametileno triamina penta (metileno fosf\u00f4nico) BHMTPH-PN(Na2)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 35657-77-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 31.5pt; width: 667.5pt; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"890\" height=\"42\"><strong>Antiincrustante e dispersante policarbox\u00edlico<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">\u00c1cido poliacr\u00edlico (PAA) 50% 63%<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 9003-01-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal de s\u00f3dio de \u00e1cido poliacr\u00edlico (PAAS) 45% 90%<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 9003-04-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/hpma-cas-26099-09-2\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Anidrido polimaleico hidrolisado (HPMA)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 26099-09-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Copol\u00edmero de \u00e1cido maleico e acr\u00edlico (MA\/AA)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 26677-99-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 17.00pt;\" height=\"22\">Copol\u00edmero de \u00e1cido acr\u00edlico-2-acrilamido-2-metilpropano sulf\u00f4nico (AA\/AMPS)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 40623-75-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">TH-164 \u00c1cido fosfino-carbox\u00edlico (PCA)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 71050-62-9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 31.5pt; width: 667.5pt; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"890\" height=\"42\"><strong>Antiincrustante e dispersante biodegrad\u00e1vel<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 40.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 54.00pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" height=\"72\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/pesa-cas-51274-37-4109578-44-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">S\u00f3dio do \u00e1cido poliepoxisucc\u00ednico (PESA)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 51274-37-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 109578-44-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 40.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 54.00pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" height=\"72\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/products\/pasp-cas-181828-06-8-35608-40-6\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Sal de s\u00f3dio do \u00e1cido poliasp\u00e1rtico (PASP)<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 181828-06-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 35608-40-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 27pt; width: 667.5pt; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"890\" height=\"36\"><strong>Biocida e Algicida<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 40.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 67.50pt;\" rowspan=\"3\" height=\"90\">Cloreto de benzalc\u00f4nio (cloreto de dodecil dimetil benzil am\u00f4nio)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 8001-54-5,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 63449-41-2,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00ba CAS 139-07-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 40.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 81.00pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" height=\"108\">Isotiazolinonas<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 26172-55-4,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 40.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 2682-20-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sulfato de tetraquis(hidroximetil)fosf\u00f4nio (THPS)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 55566-30-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 17.00pt;\" height=\"22\">GLUTARALDEHYDE<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 111-30-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 31pt; width: 667.5pt; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"890\" height=\"41\"><strong>Inibidores de corros\u00e3o<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal de s\u00f3dio do toliltriazol (TTA-Na)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 64665-57-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Toliltriazol (TTA)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 29385-43-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal de s\u00f3dio do 1,2,3-benzotriazol (BTA-Na)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 15217-42-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">1,2,3-Benzotriazol (BTA)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 95-14-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Sal de s\u00f3dio do 2-Mercaptobenzotiazol (MBT-Na)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 2492-26-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">2-Mercaptobenzotiazol (MBT)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 149-30-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 15.75pt; width: 667.5pt; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"890\" height=\"21\"><strong>Absorvedor de oxig\u00eanio<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Ciclohexilamina<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 108-91-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Morfolina<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 110-91-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 15.75pt; width: 667.5pt; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"890\" height=\"21\"><strong>Outros<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Diethylhexyl Sulfosuccinate de s\u00f3dio<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 1639-66-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Cloreto de acetila<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 75-36-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\n<td class=\"et5\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Agente quelante verde TH-GC (\u00e1cido glut\u00e2mico, \u00e1cido N,N-diacetico, sal tetra-s\u00f3dico)<\/td>\n<td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 159.75pt;\" width=\"213\">N\u00famero CAS 51981-21-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><!-- lc-commercial-start --><\/p>\n<h2>A practical sourcing checklist for specialty chemical applications<\/h2>\n<p>Specialty-chemical purchasing usually goes more smoothly when teams define the end-use risk first and then verify purity, compatibility, processing behavior, and regulatory fit as one package. That often prevents expensive rework after the material reaches production or customer testing.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Start from the end-use standard:<\/strong> food contact, plastics, coatings, preservation, and industrial processing all create different specification priorities.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Check compatibility in the real system:<\/strong> a compliant material can still be the wrong commercial choice if it destabilizes the formulation or process.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Review handling and storage:<\/strong> some specialty chemicals succeed or fail based on how they behave during blending, transport, or long-term storage.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Use sample validation before scale-up:<\/strong> pilot checks on the intended formula or production step usually save the most time and cost.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Recommended product references<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/photoinitiator-cat-261-cas-32760-80-8\/\">CHLUMINIT 261<\/a>:<\/strong> A direct cationic-photoinitiator reference when cationic curing routes are being screened.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/hpma-monomer-cas-27813-02-1\/\">CHLUMICRYL HPMA<\/a>:<\/strong> Useful when more polarity and adhesion support are needed in the reactive package.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/agesindp-d2608r\/\">CHLUMICRYL DP-D2608R<\/a>:<\/strong> A direct dispersant reference for coating and ink formulation work.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/chlumiwe-3071-organic-silicone-surfactant-organosilicone-wetting-agent\/\">CHLUMIWE 3071<\/a>:<\/strong> Useful when organosilicone wetting support is needed in a broad application screen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>FAQ for buyers and formulators<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Why is specification matching not enough for specialty chemicals?<\/strong><br \/>Because a material can meet the basic spec and still fail in the actual formulation, process, or downstream compliance requirement.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Should price be the first filter for specialty raw materials?<\/strong><br \/>Price matters, but technical fit, compliance, and process reliability usually decide whether the material is truly economical in use.<\/p>\n<p><!-- lc-commercial-end --><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25b7 Question 1: What is the better carbon to nitrogen ratio for denitrification in practice? Is it below 5 or 6-8? A: In practical application, I personally think it is<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[168],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-water-treatment"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.3.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Nitrification Denitrification 20 Questions and Answers - Longchang Chemical<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u25b7 Question 1: What is the better carbon to nitrogen ratio for denitrification in practice? Is it below 5 or 6-8? 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