{"id":6974,"date":"2024-05-27T01:11:56","date_gmt":"2024-05-27T01:11:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/?p=6974"},"modified":"2026-08-25T08:50:58","modified_gmt":"2026-08-25T08:50:58","slug":"what-are-the-specific-applications-of-polyurethane-catalysts-in-several-typical-polyurethane-flexible-foams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/what-are-the-specific-applications-of-polyurethane-catalysts-in-several-typical-polyurethane-flexible-foams\/","title":{"rendered":"Polyurethane Catalysts for Flexible Foam: Selection Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"

Resposta r\u00e1pida:<\/strong> Flexible polyurethane foam requires a balanced blowing and gelling catalyst package. Catalyst names alone are insufficient: compare cream, rise and gel times together with airflow, density, cell structure, compression set and emissions requirements.<\/p>\n

1\u3001F\u00f3rmula t\u00edpica e desempenho da espuma macia de PU do tipo poli\u00e9ter em bloco<\/p>\n

\u00c1lcool tern\u00e1rio de poli\u00e9ter 100pbw<\/p>\n

TDI80\/20 46,0pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador de estanho org\u00e2nico 0,4pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador de amina terci\u00e1ria 0,2pbw<\/p>\n

Estabilizador de espuma de organosil\u00edcio 1,0pbw<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 3,6pbw<\/p>\n

Agente auxiliar de forma\u00e7\u00e3o de espuma 0~12pbw<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Desempenho:<\/p>\n

Densidade da espuma, kg\/m3 22,4<\/p>\n

Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o, kpa 96,3<\/p>\n

Alongamento, % 220<\/p>\n

Resist\u00eancia ao rasgo, N\/m 385<\/p>\n

Conjunto de compress\u00e3o, 50% 6<\/p>\n

90% 6<\/p>\n

Carga da cavidade, kg<\/p>\n

(38cm\u00d735,6cm\u00d710cm)<\/p>\n

Deforma\u00e7\u00e3o 25% 13,6<\/p>\n

65% 25.6<\/p>\n

Rebote de bola, % 38<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nos \u00faltimos anos, para atender \u00e0s necessidades do mercado, algumas empresas tendem a produzir espuma de baixa densidade (10 kg\/m3) ou mais. Na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de espuma macia de densidade ultrabaixa, n\u00e3o basta aumentar o agente de expans\u00e3o e o agente de expans\u00e3o auxiliar, mas tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio ter uma estabilidade relativamente alta de surfactantes de silicone e catalisadores para cooperar.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Produ\u00e7\u00e3o de f\u00f3rmula de refer\u00eancia de espuma macia de densidade ultrabaixa e baixa densidade:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nome Densidade m\u00e9dia Densidade baixa Densidade ultrabaixa
\nCaixa cont\u00ednua caixa cont\u00ednua caixa caixa caixa caixa caixa
\nPoliol de poli\u00e9ter 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
\n\u00c1gua 3,0 3,0 4,5 5,5 6,6
\nCatalisador A-33 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,25 0,18
\nSurfactante de silicone B-8110 1,0 1,2 1,1 1,9 3,8
\nOctoato estanoso 0,25 0,28 0,35 0,36 0,40
\nAux\u00edlio para forma\u00e7\u00e3o de espuma 7,5 7,5 12,5 15,0 34,0
\nTDI80\/20 41,4 44,0 56,0 73,0 103,0
\nDensidade, kg\/m3 23,0 23,0 16,5 14,0 8,0<\/p>\n

Formula\u00e7\u00e3o de espuma cil\u00edndrica:<\/p>\n

Poliol de poli\u00e9ter do tipo EO\/PO (OH:56) 100pbw<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 6,43pbw<\/p>\n

Agente de expans\u00e3o MC 52,5pbw<\/p>\n

Surfactante de silicone L-628 6,50pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador A230 0,44pbw<\/p>\n

Octoato estanoso D19 0,85pbw<\/p>\n

\u00cdndice TDI80\/20 0,99<\/p>\n

Dosagem 139pbw<\/p>\n

Densidade da espuma, kg\/m3 7,5<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2 \u3001 Agente de expans\u00e3o auxiliar de CO2 l\u00edquido para fazer espuma de baixa densidade<\/p>\n

\u00c1lcool tern\u00e1rio de poli\u00e9ter (Mn3000) 100 100<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 4,9 5,2<\/p>\n

CO2 l\u00edquido 2,5 3,3<\/p>\n

Surfactante de silicone L631 1,5 1,75<\/p>\n

B8404<\/p>\n

Catalisador de amina A133 0,28 0,30<\/p>\n

Octoato estanoso 0,14 0,17<\/p>\n

Retardante de chamas DE60F 0 14<\/p>\n

\u00cdndice TDI80\/20 110 112<\/p>\n

Densidade da espuma, kg\/m3 16 16<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

As formula\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00edpicas de cabelo para m\u00e1quina s\u00e3o as seguintes:<\/p>\n

\u00c1lcool tern\u00e1rio de poli\u00e9ter (Mn3000) 100pbw<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 4,0pbw<\/p>\n

LCO2 4,0~5,5pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador A33 0,25pbw<\/p>\n

Surfactante de silicone SC155 1,35pbw<\/p>\n

Octoato estanoso D19 0,20pbw<\/p>\n

\u00cdndice TDI80\/20 110<\/p>\n

Densidade da espuma, kg\/m3 14,0~16,5<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3\u3001Espuma flex\u00edvel de poliuretano de baixa densidade totalmente MDI<\/p>\n

A espuma flex\u00edvel moldada em PU \u00e9 amplamente utilizada na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de almofadas para assentos de autom\u00f3veis. A redu\u00e7\u00e3o da densidade sem afetar as propriedades f\u00edsicas \u00e9 o objetivo do desenvolvimento.<\/p>\n

Formula\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n

Poli\u00e9ter altamente ativo (OH:26~30mgKOH\/g) 80pbw<\/p>\n

Pol\u00edmero poliol (OH:23~27mgKOH\/g) 20pbw<\/p>\n

Agente reticulante 0~3pbw<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 4,0pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador de amina A-33 2,8pbw<\/p>\n

Surfactante de \u00f3leo de silicone B8716 1.0pbw<\/p>\n

\u00cdndice MDI 90pbw<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Desempenho:<\/p>\n

Densidade central da espuma 34,5 kg\/m3<\/p>\n

Dureza ILD25% 15,0kg\/314cm2<\/p>\n

Resist\u00eancia ao rasgo de 0,8 kg\/cm<\/p>\n

Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o de 1,34 kg\/cm2<\/p>\n

Alongamento 120%<\/p>\n

Resili\u00eancia 62<\/p>\n

Conjunto de compress\u00e3o permanente (seco) 5.0%<\/p>\n

(\u00famido) 13,5<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4\u3001Almofadas de assento de carro de baixa densidade, totalmente MDI e ecologicamente corretas<\/p>\n

Adotando o hom\u00f3logo de MDI puro: M50, ou seja, 4,4'MDI 50% 2,4'MDI 50% do produto, pode ser espumado em temperatura ambiente, melhorar a fluidez, reduzir a densidade do produto, reduzir o peso do ve\u00edculo, \u00e9 um produto muito promissor:<\/p>\n

Formula\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n

Poliol de poli\u00e9ter altamente ativo (OH:28mgKOH\/g) 95pbw<\/p>\n

310 aditivos* 5pbw<\/p>\n

Dabco 33LV 0,3pbw<\/p>\n

Dabco 8154 0,7pbw<\/p>\n

Surfactante de silicone B4113 0,6pbw<\/p>\n

A-1 0,1pbw<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 3,5pbw<\/p>\n

M50 50pbw<\/p>\n

\u00cdndice de isocianato 88<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Propriedades f\u00edsicas:<\/p>\n

Tempo de desenho (s) 62<\/p>\n

Tempo de subida (s) 98<\/p>\n

Densidade da bolha livre, kg\/m3 32,7<\/p>\n

Deflex\u00e3o da carga de compress\u00e3o, kpa:40% 1,5<\/p>\n

Alongamento, % 180<\/p>\n

Resist\u00eancia ao rasgo, N\/m 220<\/p>\n

Observa\u00e7\u00e3o: *310 aditivos: vendemos um agente especial de crescimento de cadeia.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5\u3001Espuma de PU de alta resili\u00eancia e conforto de condu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\n

Recentemente, as propriedades f\u00edsicas da almofada de assento de espuma de demanda do mercado permaneceram inalteradas, mas as pessoas ficam sentadas no carro por um longo tempo sem fadiga, sem enjoo, com uma almofada de assento de alta qualidade. Ap\u00f3s a pesquisa, os \u00f3rg\u00e3os internos do corpo humano, especialmente o est\u00f4mago e outros \u00f3rg\u00e3os na frequ\u00eancia de cerca de 6 Hz, se provocados por resson\u00e2ncia, causar\u00e3o regurgita\u00e7\u00e3o, v\u00f4mito e outros fen\u00f4menos.<\/p>\n

De modo geral, a transmissibilidade de vibra\u00e7\u00e3o da espuma de alta resili\u00eancia em 6 Hz \u00e9 de 1,1 a 1,3, ou seja, quando o ve\u00edculo est\u00e1 em movimento, ela n\u00e3o s\u00f3 n\u00e3o enfraquece como tamb\u00e9m aumenta, e alguns produtos formulados podem ter amortecimento de vibra\u00e7\u00e3o de 0,8 a 0,9. Agora recomendamos uma f\u00f3rmula de produto cuja transmissibilidade de vibra\u00e7\u00e3o em 6 Hz \u00e9 de 0,5 a 0,55.<\/p>\n

Formula\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n

Poliol de poli\u00e9ter altamente ativo (Mn6000) 100pbw<\/p>\n

Surfactante de silicone, SRX-274C 1,0pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador de amina terci\u00e1ria, Minico L-1020 0,4pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador de amina terci\u00e1ria, Minico TMDA 0,15pbw<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 3,6pbw<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9-pol\u00edmero de isocianato (NCO%=29,7%)<\/p>\n

\u00cdNDICE 100<\/p>\n

Propriedades f\u00edsicas:<\/p>\n

Densidade total, kg\/m3 48,0<\/p>\n

25%ILD, kg\/314cm2 19,9<\/p>\n

Resili\u00eancia, % 74<\/p>\n

50% resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o, (seco) 1,9<\/p>\n

(\u00famido) 2,5<\/p>\n

Transmissibilidade de vibra\u00e7\u00e3o de 6 Hz 0,55<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6\u3001Espuma de rebote lento ou viscoel\u00e1stica<\/p>\n

A chamada espuma de PU de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o lenta se refere \u00e0 deforma\u00e7\u00e3o da espuma por for\u00e7as externas; a espuma n\u00e3o retorna imediatamente \u00e0 sua forma original, mas a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 lenta e n\u00e3o h\u00e1 deforma\u00e7\u00e3o residual da superf\u00edcie da espuma. Ela tem excelentes propriedades de amortecimento, isolamento ac\u00fastico, veda\u00e7\u00e3o e outras. Pode ser usada na preven\u00e7\u00e3o de ru\u00eddos de motores de autom\u00f3veis, revestimento de carpetes, brinquedos infantis e travesseiros m\u00e9dicos.<\/p>\n

Exemplo de f\u00f3rmula:<\/p>\n

Poli\u00e9ter altamente ativo (OH34) 40~60pbw<\/p>\n

Pol\u00edmero poli\u00e9ter (OH28) 60~40 pbw<\/p>\n

Agente de liga\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada ZY-108* 80~100 pbw<\/p>\n

L-580 1,5 pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador 1,8~2,5 pbw<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 1,6~2,2 pbw<\/p>\n

\u00cdndice de isocianato** 1,05 pbw<\/p>\n

Observa\u00e7\u00e3o: *ZY-108, composto de poli\u00e9ter multifuncional de baixo peso molecular<\/p>\n

**PM-200 e MDI-100 liquefeito s\u00e3o produtos da Wanhua.<\/p>\n

Propriedades f\u00edsicas:<\/p>\n

Densidade da espuma, kg\/m3 150~165<\/p>\n

Dureza, Shore A 18~15<\/p>\n

Resist\u00eancia ao rasgo, kN\/m 0,87~0,76<\/p>\n

Alongamento, % 90~130<\/p>\n

Resili\u00eancia, % 9~7<\/p>\n

Tempo de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o, segundos 7~10<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

7\u3001Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga flexural milh\u00f5es de vezes maior do que a da espuma microcelular com pele pr\u00f3pria do tipo poli\u00e9ter<\/p>\n

A espuma pode ser aplicada \u00e0 sola de sapato de PU e ao volante<\/p>\n

Exemplo:<\/p>\n

Daltocel\u00aeF-435 31,64 pbw<\/p>\n

Arcol\u00ae34-28 10,0 pbw<\/p>\n

Daltocel\u00aeF-481 44,72 pbw<\/p>\n

Arcol\u00ae2580 3.0 pbw<\/p>\n

Glicol 6,0 pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador Dabco EG 1,8 pbw<\/p>\n

A-1 0,3 pbw<\/p>\n

Dabco\u00ae1027 0,3 pbw<\/p>\n

Surfactante de silicone DC-193 0,3 pbw<\/p>\n

L1 412T 1,5 pbw<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 0,44 pbw<\/p>\n

MDI modificado<\/p>\n

Suprasec\u00ae2433 71 pbw<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Propriedades f\u00edsicas:<\/p>\n

Densidade da espuma: cerca de 0,5 g\u2215cm3<\/p>\n

Deflex\u00e3o da correia \u03b2, KCS entre 35 e 50, muito bom<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

8\u3001Espuma retardante de chamas, com baixa emiss\u00e3o de fuma\u00e7a e alta resili\u00eancia<\/p>\n

Com o r\u00e1pido desenvolvimento da economia nacional, v\u00e1rios departamentos t\u00eam requisitos cada vez mais altos para os produtos de espuma retardante de chamas, especialmente avia\u00e7\u00e3o, carros, \u00f4nibus de alta velocidade, sof\u00e1s dom\u00e9sticos e assim por diante, todos os quais exigem produtos de espuma retardante de chamas, com baixa emiss\u00e3o de fuma\u00e7a, baixa toxicidade de fuma\u00e7a ou n\u00e3o t\u00f3xicos.<\/p>\n

Os autores e colegas desenvolveram um grau de retardante de chamas para a situa\u00e7\u00e3o acima (\u00edndice de oxig\u00eanio 28 ~ 30%), a densidade da fuma\u00e7a \u00e9 muito baixa (a internacional \u00e9 74, este produto \u00e9 apenas 50 ou mais), e a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o da espuma n\u00e3o mudou, a chama na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de fuma\u00e7a branca.<\/p>\n

Exemplo de f\u00f3rmula:<\/p>\n

YB-3081 poli\u00e9ter retardante de chamas 50 pbw<\/p>\n

Poli\u00e9ter altamente ativo (OH34) 50 pbw<\/p>\n

Surfactante de organossil\u00edcio B 8681 0,8~1,0 pbw<\/p>\n

\u00c1gua 2,4~2,6 pbw<\/p>\n

DEOA 1,5~3 pbw<\/p>\n

Catalisador A-1 etc. 0,6~1,1 pbw<\/p>\n

\u00cdndice de isocianato 1,05<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Propriedades f\u00edsicas:<\/p>\n

Densidade da espuma, kg\/m3 \u226550<\/p>\n

Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 compress\u00e3o, kPa 5,5<\/p>\n

Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o, kPa 124<\/p>\n

Resili\u00eancia, % \u226560<\/p>\n

Deforma\u00e7\u00e3o por compress\u00e3o, 75% \u22648<\/p>\n

\u00cdndice de oxig\u00eanio, OI% \u2265 28<\/p>\n

Densidade da fuma\u00e7a \u226450<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

9\u3001\u00c1gua como agente de expans\u00e3o, espuma de pele integral ecologicamente correta<\/p>\n

Os pa\u00edses estrangeiros proibiram completamente o agente de expans\u00e3o HCFC-141b, o agente de expans\u00e3o do sistema CP \u00e9 inflam\u00e1vel, o pre\u00e7o do agente de expans\u00e3o do sistema HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc \u00e9 alto, \u00e9 dif\u00edcil de aceitar, a \u00fanica sa\u00edda \u00e9 sintetizar espuma de pele integral ecologicamente correta com \u00e1gua como agente de expans\u00e3o. No passado, os trabalhadores de PU nacionais e estrangeiros s\u00f3 prestavam aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 modifica\u00e7\u00e3o do poli\u00e9ter e do isocianato, de modo que a espuma feita da camada superficial n\u00e3o era clara e tinha alta densidade.<\/p>\n

Agora recomendamos um grupo de formula\u00e7\u00f5es que se caracterizam por:<\/p>\n

O poliol poli\u00e9ter b\u00e1sico permanece inalterado, usando o Mn5000 ou 6000 convencional.
\nO isocianato permanece inalterado, e podem ser usados C-MDI, PAPI ou MDI modificado.
\nO uso de aditivos especiais SH-140 pode ser resolvido. -
\nF\u00f3rmula b\u00e1sica:<\/p>\n

Terpoliol de poli\u00e9ter altamente ativo Mn5000 65pbw
\nSH-140* 35pbw
\nAgente de crescimento de cadeia: 1,4-butanodiol 5pbw
\nAgente de reticula\u00e7\u00e3o: Glicerol 7pbw
\nAbridor de poros: K-6530 0,2~0,5pbw
\nCatalisador A-2 1,2~1,3pbw
\nQuantidade moderada de pasta colorida
\n\u00c1gua 5pbw
\nMR-200 45pbw
\nObserva\u00e7\u00e3o: *SH-140 \u00e9 nosso produto.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Propriedades f\u00edsicas:<\/p>\n

Densidade total da espuma 340~350kg\/m3<\/p>\n

Produto: Superf\u00edcie lisa, crosta transparente, baixa densidade.<\/p>\n

Build a catalyst screen from reaction balance<\/h2>\n

Uso SYNOCAT\u00ae TEDA crystalline catalyst<\/a> as one established polyurethane-catalyst reference. Compare it with SYNOCAT\u00ae PMDETA \/ PC-5<\/a> ou SYNOCAT\u00ae DMCHA \/ PC-8<\/a> only after defining foam type and the required blowing-versus-gelling balance. The product pages do not replace a rise-profile trial.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1\u3001Typical formula and performance of block polyether type PU soft foam Polyether ternary alcohol 100pbw TDI80\/20 46.0pbw Organic tin catalyst 0.4pbw Tertiary amine catalyst 0.2pbw Organosilicon foam stabiliser 1.0pbw Water<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6974","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-catalysts-chemical-auxiliary-agents"],"yoast_head":"\nPolyurethane Catalysts for Flexible Foam: Selection Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Select polyurethane catalysts for flexible foam by balancing blowing and gelling, rise profile, airflow, density, compression set and processing stability.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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