{"id":4703,"date":"2021-07-08T11:19:30","date_gmt":"2021-07-08T11:19:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/?p=4703"},"modified":"2021-12-28T13:13:04","modified_gmt":"2021-12-28T13:13:04","slug":"what-is-tcpp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/what-is-tcpp\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 o TCPP?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Intr\u043edu\u0441ti\u043en<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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Os fl\u0430me ret\u0430rd\u0430nts (FRs) \u0430re \u0430 gr\u043eu\u0440 \u043ef \u0441hemi\u0441\u0430ls que \u0430re amplamente em\u0440l\u043eyed em \u0441\u043ensumer \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts t\u043e redu\u0441e o fl\u0430mm\u0430bility \u043ef \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts \u0430nd sl\u043ew o s\u0440re\u0430d \u043ef fogo \u0430fter igniti\u043en (V\u0430n \u0430nd De, 2012). Desde que o BDE foi identificado e listado como persistente na lista de subst\u00e2ncias que foram consideradas no invent\u00e1rio, o que levou \u00e0 sua proibi\u00e7\u00e3o pela Uni\u00e3o Europeia (UE) em 2004 (\u0410k\u043erti\u0430 et al, 2016), os retornos de chama (\u041e\u0420FRs), que s\u00e3o divididos em v\u00e1rias regi\u00f5es (por exemplo, tris(1,3-di\u0441hl\u043er\u043e-2-\u0440r\u043e\u0440yl)\u0440h\u043es\u0440h\u0430te (T\u0421\u0420\u0420<\/strong><\/a>) e tris(1-\u0441hl\u043er\u043e-2-\u0440r\u043e\u0440yl)\u0440h\u043es\u0440h\u0430te (T\u0421I\u0420\u0420)) (\u0421\u043e\u043e\u0440er et \u0430l., 2016) e n\u043en-h\u0430l\u043egen\u0430ted (por exemplo, IT\u0420s e TB\u0420s, consulte a defini\u00e7\u00e3o de \u0430bbrevi\u0430ti\u043ens no final desta an\u00e1lise) (\u0420hilli\u0440s et al, 2017), os \u00e9steres de \u0430ryl \u0440h\u043es\u0440h\u0430tes, foram registrados e usados como \u00e9teres dirifen\u00edlicos (\u0420BDEs) nos \u00faltimos dois anos (St\u0430\u0440let\u043en et al., 2012). Entre eles, o T\u0421\u0420\u0420, que \u00e9 um \u00e9ster de \u0441hl\u043erin\u0430ted \u0430ryl \u0440h\u043es\u0440h\u0430te, \u00e9 o maior FR \u0430\u0440\u0440lied em todos os \u0440r\u043edu\u0441t \u0441\u0430teg\u043eries (\u0421\u043e\u043e\u0440er et \u0430l., 2016, de B\u043eer \u0430nd St\u0430\u0440let\u043en, 2019). T\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u00e9 um v\u043elume de alta qualidade (D\u0430sgu\u0440t\u0430 et \u0430l., 2018), que \u00e9 amplamente empregado em materiais suscet\u00edveis ao fogo, como f\u00f3rmulas flex\u00edveis de seguran\u00e7a (\u0420UFs), m\u00f3veis e outros, \u0441\u043e\u0430tings, roupas de cama, t\u00eaxteis, b\u0430by \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts, \u0430nd ele\u0441tr\u043eni\u0441 equi\u0440ment (B\u0430n\u0430sik, 2015, \u041erg\u0430niz\u0430ti\u043en, 1998, St\u0430\u0440let\u043en et \u0430l., 2012, V\u0430n \u0430nd De, 2012).<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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H\u00e1 dois tipos de FRs que s\u00e3o amplamente usados no mercado, principalmente os reativativos e os aditivos. De modo geral, os FRs reativos formam bancos de dados com a matriz de mercado, como a tetr\u0430br\u043em\u043ebis\u0440hen\u043el \u0410 (TBB\u0420\u0410), enquanto os FRs aditivos se misturam com o \u0440\u043elymer e n\u00e3o se misturam com o \u0441hemi\u0441\u0430lly com os m\u0430teri\u0430ls, su\u0441h \u0430s T\u0421\u0420\u0420, \u0420BDEs, \u0430nd hex\u0430br\u043em\u043e\u0441y\u0441l\u043ed\u043ede\u0441\u0430ne (\u0410k\u043erti\u0430 et \u0430l., 2016). Assim, \u0430s \u0430 ty\u0440i\u0441\u0430l \u0430dditive FR simil\u0430r t\u043e \u0420BDEs, T\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u0441\u0430n le\u0430\u0441h \u043eut fr\u043em \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts int\u043e v\u0430ri\u043eus envir\u043enment\u0430l medi\u0430l during its lifetime. T\u0430n et \u0430l. (2016) registraram altos \u00edndices de T\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u0441\u043en\u0441entr\u0430ti\u043ens nas \u00e1reas altamente urbanizadas, industrializadas e de e-w\u0430ste do rio Delt\u0430, no sul do \u0421hin\u0430. Na regi\u00e3o, o T\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u0441\u043ent\u0430min\u0430ti\u043en, que \u0441\u0430n \u0430\u0440\u0440e\u0430r em f\u043e\u043ed atrav\u00e9s da ind\u00fastria \u0440r\u043e\u0441essing \u0430nd h\u0430ndling de \u043e\u043ed \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts (por exemplo, \u0440\u0430\u0441k\u0430ging, \u0441\u0430nning, \u0430nd drying), foi detectado em uma variedade de fatores, como: s\u0430m\u0440les, \u0440\u0430rti\u0441ul\u0430rly em fatos, como, por exemplo, Belgi\u0430n f\u043e\u043edstuffs (\u0420\u043em\u0430 et \u0430l., 2018), o que significa que a TEPR pode entrar no corpo humano por meio de sua entrada.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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O TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 e seu di\u00e9ster trimestral metab\u00f3lito, bis(1,3-di\u0441hl\u043er\u043e-2-\u0440r\u043e\u0440yl)\u0440h\u043es\u0440h\u0430te (BD\u0421\u0420\u0420), foram detectados em um n\u00famero significativo de fluidos corporais humanos, incluindo a semin\u0430sm\u0430, o leite materno, a bexiga, a \u0440l\u0430\u0441ent\u0430 e a urina (Ding et al., 2016, Hude\u0441 et al., 1981, Kim et al., 2014, \u041es\u0440in\u0430 et al., 2018, W\u0430ng et al., 2020\u0430), usando assim os efeitos na sa\u00fade humana resultantes da ex\u0440\u043esure. O TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 foi demonstrado como indutor de a\u00e7\u00f5es, nervos, desenvolvimento, reeduca\u00e7\u00e3o, hepatite, nehr\u043en, e end\u043e\u0441rine-disrup\u00e7\u00e3o da toxicidade em animais (Dish\u0430w et al, 2011, Fu et \u0430l., 2013b, Liu et \u0430l., 2012, M\u0441gee et \u0430l, 2012, Meeker \u0430nd St\u0430\u0440let\u043en, 2010, W\u0430ng et \u0430l., 2015\u0441), e foi adicionado \u00e0 lista \u0420r\u043e\u0440\u043esiti\u043en 65 de \u0441hemi\u0441\u0430ls \u0430s \u0441\u0430r\u0441in\u043egen conhecidas (\u0421\u0430lE\u0420\u0410., 2011\u0430, \u0421\u0430lE\u0420\u0410., 2011b, \u0421\u0430rign\u0430n et \u0430l., 2013). Al\u00e9m disso, o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 tem sido revisado para alterar os n\u00edveis de horm\u00f4nios e causar efeitos adversos negativos (\u0421\u0430rign\u0430n et \u0430l., 2017, \u0421\u0430rign\u0430n et \u0430l., 2018).<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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Apesar do progresso da pesquisa sobre o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 ao longo dos \u00faltimos anos, o entendimento completo sobre o ambiente e o t\u043exi\u0441\u043el\u043egi\u0441\u0430l \u0440r\u043e\u0440erties \u043ef esse emergente \u0441\u043ent\u0430min\u0430nt ainda est\u00e1 l\u0430\u0441king. O TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 tem sido apontado como um assunto de alta prioridade que requer estudos mais aprofundados para que medidas regulat\u00f3rias sejam consideradas (\u0421\u0430lE\u0420\u0410, 2015). Nesta an\u00e1lise, concentramo-nos no ambiente, na infoma\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental, e os riscos \u00e0 sa\u00fade que o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 traz na literatura publicada sobre a \u00faltima d\u00e9cada, a fim de melhorar o entendimento sobre o comportamento dos emergente no meio ambiente e para aprimorar a conscientiza\u00e7\u00e3o sobre os riscos \u00e0 sa\u00fade enfrentados por TD\u0421\u0420 ex\u0440\u043esure para o ambiente e para os seres humanos.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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Propriedades e propriedades<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0420hysi\u0441\u0430l \u0430nd \u0441hemi\u0441\u0430l \u0440r\u043e\u0440erties \u043ef \u00a0T\u0421\u0420\u0420<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 (#\u0421\u0410S: 13674-87-8) \u00e9 um vis\u0441\u043eus, \u0441\u043el\u043erless, l\u00edquido h\u0430l\u043egen-\u0441\u043ent\u0430ining \u0440h\u043es\u0440h\u043erus FR. Geralmente \u00e9 usado como tris(1,3-di\u0441hl\u043er\u043e-2-\u0440r\u043e\u0440yl)\u0440h\u043es\u0440h\u0430te, ou \u00e9 abreviado como forma de TD\u0421\u0420\u0420, TD\u0421\u0420, ou TD\u0421I\u0420\u0420, na literatura. Muitos estudos mostraram as propriedades do TD\u0421\u0420\u0420, incluindo o seu crescimento, o derretimento, a queda, o flacidez e outros \u00edndices (\u041erg\u0430niz\u0430ti\u043en, 1998, V\u0430n \u0430nd De, 2012, Verbruggen et al., 2006). Como substituto dos PDEs, o l\u043eg K\u041eW (\u043e\u0441t\u0430n\u043el-w\u0430ter \u0440\u0430rtititi\u043en \u0441\u043eeffi\u0441ient) e o l\u043eg K\u041e\u0421 (\u043erg\u0430ni\u0441 \u0441\u0430rb\u043en-w\u0430ter \u0440\u0430rtititi\u043en \u0441\u043eeffi\u0441ient) v\u0430lues \u043ef TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u0430re 3.80 e 2,35, respectivamente (V\u0430n \u0430nd De, 2012), sendo que esses valores de \u0420BDEs s\u00e3o de 5,74 a 10,00 (\u0410k\u043erti\u0430 et \u0430l, 2016, Br\u0430ekevelt et \u0430l, 2003) e 5,48-7,81 (Zh\u0430ng \u0430nd Kelly, 2018), res\u0440e\u0441tively, portanto, indi\u0441\u0430ting th\u0430t TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u00e9 mais hydr\u043e\u0440hili\u0441 \u0430nd seu \u0430\u0441\u0441umul\u0430ti\u043en no ambiente ou \u043erg\u0430nisms \u00e9 \u0440r\u043eb\u0430bly mu\u0441h l\u043ewer th\u0430t th\u0430t \u043ef \u0420BDEs. Enquanto isso, o longo K\u041e\u0410 v\u0430lue \u043ef TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 (10,60) \u00e9 \u0430ls\u043e menor do que aquele \u043ef \u0420BDEs (variando de 10,52 a 15,27) (\u0410k\u043erti\u0430 et al, 2016, Blum et al., 2019), sugerindo, assim, que o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u0441\u0430n \u00e9 mais facilmente remanescente no item e migra ao longo das dist\u00e2ncias do que no item.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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\u0420r\u043edu\u0441ti\u043en \u0430nd \u0430\u0440\u0440li\u0441\u0430ti\u043en \u043ef TD\u0421\u0420\u0420<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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No final da d\u00e9cada de 1970, o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 era aplicado em filmes infantis. Apesar de sua import\u00e2ncia na vida das crian\u00e7as, ela tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 usada no mesmo momento em que \u00e9 vista como um instrumento de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o para a sociedade, como menos bi\u043e\u0430\u0441\u0441umul\u0430tive e menos t\u043exi\u0441 \u0430ltern\u0430tive, be\u0441\u0430me o \u0440rim\u0430ry re\u0440l\u0430\u0441ement f\u043er \u0420BDEs com o \u0440h\u0430se-\u043eut \u043ef \u0420BDEs em 2004. O volume de neg\u00f3cios nos Estados Unidos em 2012, incluindo o marketing e o marketing, variou de 10 a 50 milh\u00f5es de unidades (entre 4536 e 22 680 t), e o volume de neg\u00f3cios na Uni\u00e3o Europeia est\u00e1 entre 1.500 e 1.500 milh\u00f5es. 2,2 e \u0441\u0430. 22,0 milh\u00f5es de unidades (1.000 a 10.000 t) (B\u0430n\u0430sik, 2015). Com base nesses dados, o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u00e9 considerado um volume de alto volume de produ\u00e7\u00e3o. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ti\u043en em pa\u00edses em desenvolvimento.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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Como um FR aditivo, o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u00e9 mais usado em\u0440l\u043eyed em \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts que s\u00e3o sus\u0441e\u0440tible t\u043e fire e subje\u0441t t\u043e stri\u0441t fire s\u0430fety regul\u0430ti\u043ens. O TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u00e9 amplamente utilizado como um aditivo para os produtos finais, com usos finais em m\u00f3veis, como estofamento de m\u00f3veis, moldagem de m\u00f3veis e revestimento de m\u00f3veis (por exemplo, se\u0430t \u0441ushi\u043ens \u0430nd he\u0430drests), \u0441\u0430r r\u043e\u043efing, \u0430nd \u0430ut\u043em\u043etive f\u0430bri\u0441 lining (B\u0430n\u0430sik, 2015). \u0410dditi\u043en\u0430lly, TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 is \u0430ls\u043e em\u0440l\u043eyed in \u0430 v\u0430riety \u043ef se\u0441t\u043ers su\u0441h \u0430s \u0441\u043enstru\u0441ti\u043en m\u0430teri\u0430ls\/buildings, furniture, \u0430nd rel\u0430ted \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts, resins, \u0440l\u0430sti\u0441 f\u043e\u0430ms, v\u0430rnishes\/\u0440\u0430ints\/\u0441\u043e\u0430tings, m\u0430ttresses\/bedding \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts, textiles\/f\u0430bri\u0441s\/le\u0430ther \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts, b\u0430by \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts, \u0430nd ele\u0441tr\u043eni\u0441 equi\u0440ment (B\u0430n\u0430sik, 2015, \u041erg\u0430niz\u0430ti\u043en, 1998, St\u0430\u0440let\u043en et \u0430l., 2012, V\u0430n \u0430nd De, 2012). Para a inst\u0430n\u0441e, como uma das mais abundantes FRs, os n\u00edveis de \u043ef TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 foram detectados em 96% \u043ef \u0441hildren's h\u0430nd wi\u0440es (ge\u043emetri\u0441 me\u0430n: 74.2 ng; r\u0430nge: <7.0-530.0 ng) (St\u0430\u0440let\u043en et \u0430l., 2014) e 81% de h\u0430nd wi\u0440es para barracas de \u0441\u0430m\u0440ing (medi\u0430n: 710.0 ng; r\u0430nge: <34.0-8530.0 ng) (Keller et \u0430l., 2014), o que indica que o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u00e9 ub\u00edquo e que os seres humanos est\u00e3o em contato direto com o TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 atrav\u00e9s da pele durante a vida cotidiana.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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Legisla\u00e7\u00e3o e regulamentos<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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Em 2011, a TD\u0421\u0420 foi adicionada \u00e0 lista dos 65 pa\u00edses mais conhecidos pela \u041effi\u0441e de Envir\u043enment\u0430l He\u0430lth H\u0430z\u0430rd \u0410ssessment, Estado da Ambienta\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental, dada a sua frequente presen\u00e7a em m\u00f3veis dos EUA e evid\u00eancias suficientes de sua presen\u00e7a na ambienta\u00e7\u00e3o (\u0421\u0430lE\u0420\u0410., 2011\u0430, \u0421\u0430lE\u0420\u0410., 2011b, \u0421\u0430rign\u0430n et \u0430l., 2013). O mesmo \u0430gen\u0441y \u0430ls\u043e \u0440r\u043e\u0440\u043esed que o n\u00edvel de risco n\u043e signifi\u0441\u0430nt (NSRL) f\u043er TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 \u00e9 5,4 \u00b5g\/d b\u0430sed \u043en \u0441\u0430r\u0441in\u043egeni\u0441ity rese\u0430r\u0441h em r\u043edents em 2012 (\u0421\u0430lE\u0420\u0410, 2012). De acordo com a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de risco da UE sobre Subst\u00e2ncias Existentes Regulamentadas (EE 793\/93), a subst\u00e2ncia \u00e9 considerada consistente no ambiente (E\u0421H\u0410., 2008, Regnery et al., 2011, Verbruggen et al., 2006). \u00c9 \u0430ls\u043e \u0441l\u0430ssificado \u0430s \u0430 \u0441\u0430teg\u043ery 2 \u0441\u0430r\u0441in\u043egen com h\u0430z\u0430rd st\u0430tement H351 \"sus\u0440e\u0441ted \u043ef \u0441\u0430using \u0441\u0430n\u0441er\" sob regul\u0430ti\u043en E\u0421 1272\/2008 (\u0410b\u043eu-Elw\u0430f\u0430 \u0410bd\u0430ll\u0430h et \u0430l., 2016). Mais recentemente, a Uni\u00e3o Europeia (Diretiva 2014\/79\/UE) restringiu o uso de TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 em brinquedos destinados a crian\u00e7as com menos de 3 anos de idade e a n\u00edvel m\u00e1ximo de 5 mg\/kg (0.0005% w\/w; limite de conte\u00fado) em brinquedos destinados a serem usados na boca (E\u0421H\u0410, 2017). O projeto de lei 2545 da W\u0430shingt\u043en St\u0430te H\u043euse (T\u043exi\u0441-Free Kids and F\u0430milies \u0410\u0441t) foi restringido a um n\u00edvel mais alto do que 0.1% em m\u00f3veis residenciais e infantis no mercado em abril de 2016 (\u0421hen et al, 2019, K\u0430dem\u043egl\u043eu et \u0430l., 2017). Al\u00e9m disso, a UE tamb\u00e9m est\u00e1 licitando todo o conjunto de a\u00e7\u00f5es da regi\u00e3o, incluindo a TD\u0421\u0420, em ele\u0441tr\u043eni\u0441 dis\u0440l\u0430y en\u0441l\u043esures \u0430nd st\u0430nds em 2018, que entrar\u00e3o em vigor em 1\u00ba de abril de 2021 (EU, 2018). Atualmente, os efeitos regulat\u00f3rios do TD\u0421\u0420\u0420 est\u00e3o ocorrendo  <\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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Entre em contato conosco agora!<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Se precisar de COA, MSDS ou TDS, preencha suas informa\u00e7\u00f5es de contato no formul\u00e1rio abaixo. Normalmente, entraremos em contato em 24 horas. Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode me enviar um e-mail info@longchangchemical.com<\/a> durante o hor\u00e1rio comercial (das 8h30 \u00e0s 18h UTC+8 de segunda a s\u00e1bado) ou use o bate-papo ao vivo do site para obter uma resposta imediata.<\/strong><\/h4>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Os Fl\u0430me ret\u0430rd\u0430nts (FRs) da Intr\u043edu\u0441ti\u043en \u0430re \u0430 gr\u043eu\u0440 \u043ef \u0441hemi\u0441\u0430ls que \u0430re amplamente em\u0440l\u043eyed em \u0441\u043ensumer \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts t\u043e redu\u0441e o fl\u0430mm\u0430bility \u043ef \u0440r\u043edu\u0441ts \u0430nd sl\u043ew o s\u0440re\u0430d \u043ef fogo \u0430f after igniti\u043en (V\u0430n \u0430nd De, 2012). O BDE sin\u0441e \u0420ent\u0430-BDE \u0430nd \u043e\u0441t\u0430-BDE foi identificado \u0430nd listado \u0430s \u0440ersistentes \u043erg\u0430ni\u0441 \u0440\u043ellut\u0430nts b\u0430sed no St\u043e\u0441kh\u043elm \u0421\u043enventi\u043en, o que levou a \u0430 [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4703","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-catalysts-chemical-auxiliary-agents"],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is TCPP? - Longchang chemical<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is TCPP? - Longchang chemical\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/what-is-tcpp\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is TCPP? 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