{"id":4495,"date":"2021-04-14T14:26:26","date_gmt":"2021-04-14T14:26:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/?p=4495"},"modified":"2024-09-28T11:55:34","modified_gmt":"2024-09-28T11:55:34","slug":"overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/","title":{"rendered":"Vis\u00e3o geral dos m\u00e9todos de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de enzimas"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Vis\u00e3o geral dos m\u00e9todos de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de enzimas<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n<p>No artigo anterior, mencionamos que as subst\u00e2ncias amargas das frutas c\u00edtricas s\u00e3o principalmente a naringina, que pode ser gradualmente decomposta em glicose e naringenina pela naringinase e, por fim, atingir o objetivo de desamargurar. No processo real de produ\u00e7\u00e3o e uso, em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com as enzimas livres, as enzimas imobilizadas n\u00e3o s\u00f3 t\u00eam maior efici\u00eancia catal\u00edtica e melhor especificidade, mas tamb\u00e9m aumentam a resist\u00eancia a condi\u00e7\u00f5es adversas e prolongam a vida \u00fatil das enzimas; ao mesmo tempo, \u00e9 conveniente separar as enzimas imobilizadas do produto da rea\u00e7\u00e3o, simplificar o processo de produ\u00e7\u00e3o e reduzir o custo. Portanto, aqui est\u00e1 uma breve introdu\u00e7\u00e3o aos m\u00e9todos de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de enzimas comuns.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>A enzima imobilizada refere-se a uma enzima que \u00e9 fixada em um determinado transportador para formar insolubilidade em \u00e1gua e ainda tem propriedades catal\u00edticas. J\u00e1 em 1954, Glubhofer e Schleith usaram o m\u00e9todo diazo para modificar a resina de poliestireno para a imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de pepsina e carboxipeptidase para preparar enzimas imobilizadas. Depois, em 1969, o cientista japon\u00eas Chi Yanichiro usou amino\u00e1cido acilado imobilizado para realizar a produ\u00e7\u00e3o cont\u00ednua de L-amino\u00e1cido pela primeira vez, o que promoveu o r\u00e1pido desenvolvimento da tecnologia de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o na engenharia de enzimas. Quando as enzimas imobilizadas apareceram, havia muitos nomes diferentes, mas na primeira Confer\u00eancia Internacional de Engenharia de Enzimas, em 1971, foi formalmente proposto o uso de \"enzimas imobilizadas\" como um termo adequado. A rea\u00e7\u00e3o catalisada por enzima tem condi\u00e7\u00f5es brandas, alta efici\u00eancia catal\u00edtica e alta especificidade. Ao mesmo tempo, a enzima \u00e9 f\u00e1cil de ser degradada e n\u00e3o agride o meio ambiente. A enzima imobilizada n\u00e3o s\u00f3 mant\u00e9m essas caracter\u00edsticas da enzima, mas tamb\u00e9m tem muitas propriedades que dificilmente as enzimas livres possuem, tais como \u2460 f\u00e1cil de separar do sistema de rea\u00e7\u00e3o; \u2461 recicl\u00e1vel para reciclagem; \u2462 melhora a estabilidade da enzima sob condi\u00e7\u00f5es adversas; \u2463 pode realizar a cat\u00e1lise enzim\u00e1tica em fase n\u00e3o aquosa; \u2464 pode produzir um sistema multienzim\u00e1tico com rea\u00e7\u00e3o cont\u00ednua. Como as enzimas imobilizadas podem ter um valor de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o importante nas \u00e1reas de medicina, alimentos, prote\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental etc., elas t\u00eam atra\u00eddo a aten\u00e7\u00e3o de estudiosos nos \u00faltimos anos e t\u00eam muitas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es no setor.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4471\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-7.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Os m\u00e9todos comuns de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de enzimas incluem principalmente o m\u00e9todo de adsor\u00e7\u00e3o, o m\u00e9todo de incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o, o m\u00e9todo de liga\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada e o m\u00e9todo de acoplamento covalente. Os dois primeiros pertencem ao m\u00e9todo f\u00edsico, e os dois \u00faltimos, ao m\u00e9todo qu\u00edmico. O princ\u00edpio desses m\u00e9todos para imobilizar a enzima \u00e9 mostrado na Figura 1.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"275\" height=\"222\" class=\"wp-image-4496\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Figura 1 M\u00e9todo de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da enzima<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>1<\/strong><strong>\u00a0M\u00e9todo de adsor\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>O m\u00e9todo de adsor\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo para concluir a imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o por meio da adsor\u00e7\u00e3o da superf\u00edcie do transportador \u00e0 enzima ou por meio da intera\u00e7\u00e3o de carga positiva e negativa entre o transportador e a enzima, incluindo adsor\u00e7\u00e3o f\u00edsica e adsor\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00edons.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4473\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>adsor\u00e7\u00e3o f\u00edsica<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>O m\u00e9todo de adsor\u00e7\u00e3o f\u00edsica \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo de fixa\u00e7\u00e3o da enzima na superf\u00edcie do transportador usando o efeito de adsor\u00e7\u00e3o do transportador na enzima. O m\u00e9todo \u00e9 simples de operar, n\u00e3o requer modifica\u00e7\u00e3o e ativa\u00e7\u00e3o, e o centro ativo da enzima \u00e9 bem preservado, mas a for\u00e7a de liga\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 baixa, e sua for\u00e7a \u00e9 principalmente a for\u00e7a intermolecular e a tens\u00e3o superficial. Os adsorventes comumente usados para imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de enzimas incluem carbono ativado, grafeno, terra diatom\u00e1cea e outros adsorventes n\u00e3o sol\u00faveis em \u00e1gua com forte capacidade de absor\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1gua. Zhao et al. usaram \u00f3xido de grafeno reduzido como transportador para co-imobilizar a glicose oxidase e a glucoamilase para preparar uma enzima composta imobilizada.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4473\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\r\n<p>adsor\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00edons<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>O m\u00e9todo de adsor\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00edons \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da enzima por meio da intera\u00e7\u00e3o de carga positiva e negativa entre o transportador e a enzima. O m\u00e9todo tem condi\u00e7\u00f5es de prepara\u00e7\u00e3o suaves, e a atividade da enzima n\u00e3o \u00e9 f\u00e1cil de perder, mas a for\u00e7a de liga\u00e7\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 fraca e f\u00e1cil de cair. Mateo et al. prepararam um novo tipo de resina de troca i\u00f4nica para fixar lipase, \u03b2-galactosidase e amino\u00e1cido oxidase, respectivamente. Sob as condi\u00e7\u00f5es de pH 7,0 e 4 \u2103, a enzima pode atingir a satura\u00e7\u00e3o de adsor\u00e7\u00e3o em poucos minutos, e a taxa de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o da atividade enzim\u00e1tica chega a 100%, mostrando um bom efeito de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4473\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>2 M\u00e9todo de incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>O m\u00e9todo de incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo no qual a enzima \u00e9 incorporada em um material poroso, e inclui o m\u00e9todo de incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o em gel e o m\u00e9todo de incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o em membrana semiperme\u00e1vel. O m\u00e9todo de incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o em gel \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo de fixa\u00e7\u00e3o no qual a enzima \u00e9 incorporada na estrutura da rede interna do gel (Figura 1B-a). Zhang Shuxiang e outros usaram alginato de s\u00f3dio para incorporar lacase f\u00fangica para tratar \u00e1guas residuais de fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de papel de baixa concentra\u00e7\u00e3o. A taxa m\u00e1xima de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o da atividade enzim\u00e1tica foi de 48%, e a atividade enzim\u00e1tica permaneceu em 64% ap\u00f3s 8 execu\u00e7\u00f5es. O m\u00e9todo de incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o de membrana semiperme\u00e1vel \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de enzimas em uma membrana semiperme\u00e1vel feita de pol\u00edmeros de alto peso molecular (Figura 1B-b). Esse m\u00e9todo tamb\u00e9m n\u00e3o requer modifica\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica e n\u00e3o afeta a atividade da enzima, mas n\u00e3o \u00e9 f\u00e1cil controlar o tamanho da membrana. \u00c9 dif\u00edcil manter a atividade da enzima e, ao mesmo tempo, controlar a livre entrada e sa\u00edda de reagentes e produtos sem vazamento da enzima. Portanto, esse m\u00e9todo geralmente \u00e9 combinado com outros m\u00e9todos em uso pr\u00e1tico. Rilling P et al. usaram um transportador para imobilizar mol\u00e9culas de prote\u00edna em uma microc\u00e1psula, o que n\u00e3o s\u00f3 aumentou a estabilidade da enzima imobilizada, mas tamb\u00e9m melhorou suas propriedades.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4473\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>3 M\u00e9todo de liga\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>O m\u00e9todo de reticula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo no qual as mol\u00e9culas de enzima s\u00e3o reticuladas umas com as outras usando reagentes bifuncionais ou multifuncionais, e as mol\u00e9culas de enzima e os reagentes formam uma liga\u00e7\u00e3o covalente e s\u00e3o fixados. A enzima imobilizada preparada por esse m\u00e9todo tem boa estabilidade, mas alguns grupos da enzima, como amino, sulfidrila, imidazolil etc., podem participar da rea\u00e7\u00e3o de liga\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada. Se o agente de reticula\u00e7\u00e3o e o grupo funcional selecionados n\u00e3o forem apropriados, a estrutura do centro ativo da enzima poder\u00e1 ser destru\u00edda, resultando em uma s\u00e9ria perda da atividade da enzima, de modo que esse m\u00e9todo geralmente \u00e9 combinado com outros m\u00e9todos. Li Xiaojing e outros primeiro encapsularam a pepsina com solu\u00e7\u00e3o de alginato de s\u00f3dio e, em seguida, adicionaram gota a gota a uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o contendo uma determinada concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de quitosana e CaCl<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0para obter microesferas de enzima imobilizadas e, em seguida, adicionou uma certa quantidade de glutaralde\u00eddo para a liga\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada para obter pepsina imobilizada. Esse m\u00e9todo obteve uma enzima imobilizada com boa estabilidade operacional e estabilidade t\u00e9rmica.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4473\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>4 M\u00e9todo de acoplamento covalente<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>O m\u00e9todo de acoplamento covalente (tamb\u00e9m conhecido como m\u00e9todo de liga\u00e7\u00e3o covalente) \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da enzima por meio da forma\u00e7\u00e3o de uma liga\u00e7\u00e3o covalente entre a enzima e o transportador (conforme mostrado na Figura 2).<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"213\" height=\"94\" class=\"wp-image-4497\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Figura 2 Enzima imobilizada pelo m\u00e9todo de liga\u00e7\u00e3o covalente, A - res\u00edduo de amino\u00e1cido ativo; B - grupo de liga\u00e7\u00e3o no transportador; C - transportador.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4473\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Os m\u00e9todos de liga\u00e7\u00e3o covalente geralmente incluem tr\u00eas tipos: (1) o transportador \u00e9 modificado e ativado e, em seguida, ligado covalentemente \u00e0 mol\u00e9cula da enzima; (2) o transportador e a mol\u00e9cula da enzima s\u00e3o ligados covalentemente por meio de um agente de acoplamento; (3) a mol\u00e9cula da enzima \u00e9 modificada ap\u00f3s a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o e combinada com o transportador. Entre eles, o primeiro tipo \u00e9 mais comumente usado. Ap\u00f3s a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o do transportador para conectar determinados grupos ativos, como amino, ep\u00f3xi etc., ao res\u00edduo ativo da mol\u00e9cula da enzima (como amino, carboxila, hidroxila etc.), a enzima \u00e9 imobilizada. Esse m\u00e9todo \u00e9 muito mais confi\u00e1vel do que o m\u00e9todo de adsor\u00e7\u00e3o. Ao mesmo tempo, como o transportador \u00e9 geralmente maior, os res\u00edduos de amino\u00e1cidos envolvidos na rea\u00e7\u00e3o da enzima s\u00e3o geralmente aqueles expostos na periferia da enzima, e o efeito no centro ativo da enzima \u00e9 relativamente pequeno. Esse \u00e9 um excelente m\u00e9todo de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de enzimas. Yan Keliang e outros usaram nanopart\u00edculas magn\u00e9ticas aminosilanizadas para imobilizar a pectinase, e a taxa de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o e a taxa de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o da atividade enzim\u00e1tica foram de 44,44% e 40,86%, respectivamente, obtendo um bom efeito de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o. O pr\u00f3ximo artigo continuar\u00e1 a apresentar em detalhes os diferentes m\u00e9todos de prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de microesferas magn\u00e9ticas de biopol\u00edmero.<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4473\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\r\n<h2><strong><b>Entre em contato conosco agora!<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\r\n<h4><strong><b>Se precisar do Price, preencha suas informa\u00e7\u00f5es de contato no formul\u00e1rio abaixo. Normalmente, entraremos em contato dentro de 24 horas. Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode me enviar um e-mail\u00a0<span style=\"color: #00ccff;\"><a style=\"color: #00ccff;\" href=\"mailto:info@longchangchemical.com\">info@longchangchemical.com<\/a><\/span>\u00a0durante o hor\u00e1rio comercial (das 8h30 \u00e0s 18h UTC+8 de segunda a s\u00e1bado) ou use o bate-papo ao vivo do site para obter uma resposta imediata.<\/b><\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 326.27pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"435\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt; width: 164.25pt;\" width=\"219\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/compound-glucoamylase-cas-9032-08-0\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Composto Glucoamilase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 162.00pt;\" width=\"216\">9032-08-0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/pullulanase-cas-9075-68-7\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Pullulanase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9075-68-7<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/xylanase-cas-37278-89-0\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Xilanase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">37278-89-0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/cellulase-cas-9012-54-8\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Celulase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9012-54-8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/naringinase-cas-9068-31-9\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Naringinase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9068-31-9<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/beta-amylase-cas-9000-91-3\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">\u03b2-Amilase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9000-91-3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/glucose-oxidase-cas-9001-37-0\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Glucose oxidase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9001-37-0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">alfa-Amilase<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9000-90-2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/longzyme-acid-pectinase-cas-9032-75-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Pectinase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9032-75-1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\">Peroxidase<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9003-99-0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/lipase-cas-9001-62-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Lipase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9001-62-1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/catalase-cas-9001-05-2\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Catalase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et4\">9001-05-2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/tannase-cas-9025-71-2\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">TANNASE<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9025-71-2<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/elastase-cas-39445-21-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Elastase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">39445-21-1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/urease-cas-9002-13-5\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Urease<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9002-13-5<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/dextranase-cas-9025-70-1\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">DEXTRANASE<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9025-70-1<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.5pt; text-align: left;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/l-lactic-dehydrogenase-cas-9001-60-9\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">L-L\u00e1ctico desidrogenase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9001-60-9<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/dehydrogenase-malate-cas-9001-64-3\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Malato desidrogenase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9001-64-3<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 13.50pt;\">\r\n<td class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 13.50pt;\" height=\"18\"><a href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/product\/cholesterol-oxidase-cas-9028-76-6\/\"><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\">Colesterol oxidase<\/span><\/a><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"et2\">9028-76-6<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vis\u00e3o geral dos m\u00e9todos de imobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de enzimas No artigo anterior, mencionamos que as subst\u00e2ncias amargas nas frutas c\u00edtricas s\u00e3o principalmente a naringina, que pode ser gradualmente decomposta em glicose e naringenina pela naringinase e, por fim, atingir o objetivo de desamarrar. No processo real de produ\u00e7\u00e3o e uso, em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com as enzimas livres, as enzimas imobilizadas n\u00e3o s\u00f3 t\u00eam [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-enzyme-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.3.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Overview of enzyme immobilization methods - Longchang Chemical<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Overview of enzyme immobilization methods - Longchang Chemical\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Overview of enzyme immobilization methods In the previous article, we mentioned that the bitter substances in citrus fruits are mainly naringin, which can be gradually decomposed into glucose and naringenin by naringinase, and finally achieve the purpose of debittering. In the actual production and use process, compared with free enzymes, immobilized enzymes not only have [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/pt\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Longchang Chemical\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-14T14:26:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-09-28T11:55:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-7.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Longchang Chemical\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Longchang Chemical\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ecb1ad846136c6f1ca534b62978c6a8e\"},\"headline\":\"Overview of enzyme immobilization methods\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-14T14:26:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-28T11:55:34+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/\"},\"wordCount\":1373,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image-7.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Enzyme News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/longchangchemical.com\/overview-of-enzyme-immobilization-methods\/\",\"name\":\"Overview of enzyme immobilization methods - 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