1. Chemical Synthesis

* Organic Synthesis Intermediates: Used in the synthesis of silver(I) complexes of dipyridyl ketone ligands, 5-arylnicotinic acid esters, ±-sesbanine, and 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives, etc.

2. Pharmaceuticals
* Topical Redening Agents/Lipsticks: As the active ingredient in topical liniments, they relieve muscle, tendon, and joint pain by causing vasodilation (redness) in the skin.

* Pharmaceutical Synthesis Intermediates: Used as precursors or intermediates in the synthesis of drugs such as nicotinamide, coenzyme I (NAD), and vasodilators.

3. Voedselindustrie
* Food Flavorings/Fragrances: Used as flavoring agents in specific food processing. Naturally found in certain fruits (such as star fruit and custard apple).

4. Cosmetica en persoonlijke verzorging

* Cosmetic Ingredients: Due to their vasodilatory effect, they can be used in products such as lipsticks and lip glosses. They are also used in cleaning products and personal care products.

5. Scientific Research and Analysis

• Analytical Chemistry Standards: Used as analytical standards for the detection of this substance in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and biological samples (e.g., chromatographic analysis).

• Biochemical and Medical Research Reagents: Used in proteomics research, enzymology research (e.g., esterase substrates), polymer material modification research, and pharmacological research models such as skin permeability.